Zizia aurea

Latin name:  Zizia aurea 
Common name:  Golden Alexander 
Flowers: Flowers are small in size and clustered into flower heads. Gold/yellow color and blooms from April to May ¹³ 
Fruit: Flowers give way to fruit capsules that are green and turn light purple in fall ¹³ 
Height & Width:  1-2ft x 1-2ft ¹³ 
Type:  Perennial ¹³ 
Habit:  Clumping, erect ¹³ 
Wetland indicator category**: FAC ¹⁷
Texture:  Medium ¹³ 
Growth rate:  Fast ¹³ 
Light:  Part-shade ¹⁰ 
Moisture:  Medium ¹⁰ 
Soil*: Moist, sandy, or sandy-clay ¹⁰ 
Zones:  3-8 ¹³ 
Origin: Eastern North America ¹⁶ 
Ecosystem benefits: : Attracts butterflies, bees, and other pollinators and is a wildlife food source ¹³

Features:  This plant can thrive in different types of soils and landscapes and attracts bees and butterflies to the garden. Yellow/gold flowers bloom in spring and give way to green/purple fruit in the fall, making it attractive in many seasons ¹³.

Siting:  Golden Alexander would work well as an accent or border plant in a naturalized or meadow area. It also adds value to butterfly or pollinator gardens ¹³.

Care: Plant crown at soil level ¹⁸. At planting, water the roots and surrounding area slowly and deeply. Keep soil moist until plant is established, then apply enough water to thoroughly moisten the root zone when the soil is dry or during drought. Modify water recommendations to reflect site drainage and rainfall. Apply 3” of mulch over the planted area. Do not allow mulch to touch the plant stems ¹⁸. 

Pests: Caterpillars of the Black Swallowtail butterfly feed on the leaves and flower ⁴.

This plant does not appear on the following invasive plant lists on (3-2-21):

• USDA SC Invasive Plant Species Web site at http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/main.shtml
• SC Exotic Plant Pest Council Web site at http://www.se-eppc.org/southcarolina/

Author: Molly Glaser

Image source: http://www.pwconserve.org/plants/goldenalexander.html

Sources:

1. Armitage, A. (2001). Armitage’s manual of annuals, biennials, and half-hardy perennials. Portland, OR: Timber Press.
2. Armitage, A. (2006). Armitage’s native plants for North American gardens. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
3. Armitage, A. (2008). Herbaceous perennial plants: A treatise on their identification, culture, and garden attributes.Athens, GA: University of Georgia.
4. Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center.(2011). Flowers fact sheets. Retrieved from https://hgic.clemson.edu/category/flowers/
5. Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center.(2011). Groundcovers & vines fact sheets.Retrieved from https://hgic.clemson.edu/category/groundcovers/
6. Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center.(2011). Trees. Retrieved from https://hgic.clemson.edu/category/trees/
7. Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center.(2011). Shrubs. Retrieved from https://hgic.clemson.edu/category/shrubs/
8. Dirr, M. A. (2009). Manual of woody landscape plants. Champaign, IL: Stipes Publishing.
9. Gilman, E. F. (1997). Trees for urban and suburban landscapes. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers.
10. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center University of Texas at Austin. (2012). Native plant information network. Retrieved from http://www.wildflower.org/explore/
11. McMillan, P., Plant taxonomist Clemson University, personal communication.
12. Missouri Botanical Garden Kemper Center for Home Gardening. Plant finder. Retrieved from http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/Alpha.asp
13. North Carolina State University (2005). Plant fact sheets. Retrieved from http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/factsheets/index.html
14. Strother, E. V., Ham, D. L., Gilland, L. (2003) Urban tree species guide: Choosing the right tree for the right place.  Columbia, SC: South Carolina Forestry Commission.
15. University of Florida, IFAS Extension. (2011). Southern trees fact sheet. Retrieved from http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/department_envhort-trees
16. USDA . Plant profile. (n/d).Retrieved from http://plants.usda.gov/java/
17. USDA. Plant wetland indicator status. (n/d). Retrieved from http://plants.usda.gov/wetland.html
18. Vincent, E., Environmental horticulturist Clemson University, personal communication.

*Soil pH is determined using a professional soil test. Contact your Clemson University County Extension service for assistance www.clemson.edu/extension/. Click on “local offices”.

**2012 Plant Wetland Indicator categories (quantitative derived) http://plants.usda.gov/wetinfo.html