[{"id":347,"date":"2026-05-05T22:19:50","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T22:19:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=347"},"modified":"2026-05-05T22:19:50","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T22:19:50","slug":"take-a-walk-in-the-pee-dee-easy-ways-to-stay-active-close-to-home","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/take-a-walk-in-the-pee-dee-easy-ways-to-stay-active-close-to-home\/","title":{"rendered":"Take a Walk in the Pee Dee: Easy Ways to Stay Active Close to Home"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-Trail_Williamson-Park_Darlington-1-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-Trail_Williamson-Park_Darlington-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-Trail_Williamson-Park_Darlington-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-Trail_Williamson-Park_Darlington-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-Trail_Williamson-Park_Darlington-1-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-Trail_Williamson-Park_Darlington-1-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A beautiful walking trail\u00a0located\u00a0in\u00a0Williamson Park in Darlington, South Carolina.\u00a0Photo Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why We&nbsp;Should&nbsp;Walk&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Staying active can look different for everyone, and for many people, walking is one simple and accessible&nbsp;option. In the Pee Dee Region of South Carolina, a broad area in the northeastern part of the state that includes multiple counties, there are many easy-to-access places to get moving. From riverwalks and parks to nearby coastal paths, walking can support heart health, blood sugar management, stress reduction, and overall well-being. Many communities, including Horry and Marion counties, offer accessible parks, trails, and spaces for movement. With a little planning, spending time outdoors can be both safe and enjoyable, even in South Carolina\u2019s warm, humid climate. For more information on walking and physical activity, visit the Clemson Extension Rural Health and Nutrition blog,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/cardiovascular-training\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cardiovascular Training<\/a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Great Places&nbsp;to Walk in the&nbsp;Pee Dee Region&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are looking for local, scenic places to walk, these spots offer&nbsp;relatively flat&nbsp;terrain and&nbsp;well-maintained&nbsp;paths that work well for a variety of fitness levels.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022&nbsp;<strong>Conway Riverwalk:&nbsp;<\/strong>2nd Ave, Conway, SC 29526&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Conway Riverwalk offers a paved, flat path along the Waccamaw River that is ideal for beginners, strollers, and anyone easing into walking.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022&nbsp;<strong>Huntington Beach State Park:&nbsp;<\/strong>16148 Ocean Hwy, Murrells Inlet, SC 29576&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Huntington Beach offers wide, flat walking paths and packed trails with coastal views and frequent breezes that can help you stay cooler during warmer months. For more information on the extensive trails Huntington has to offer, visit the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/southcarolinaparks.com\/huntington-beach\/faqs#:~:text=16148%20Ocean%20HWY&amp;text=This%20flat%20paved%20trail%20parallels,near%20Huntington%20Beach%20State%20Park.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Huntington State Park Website<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022&nbsp;<strong>McLean Park:&nbsp;<\/strong>93 Oak Dr, North Myrtle Beach, SC 29582&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>McLean Park offers a shaded, paved loop that is popular for shorter walks, and it offers benches for rest breaks. The loop is all flat terrain and designed for easy walking, making it a level and accessible route through the park.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022&nbsp;<strong>Little Pee Dee State Park:&nbsp;<\/strong>1298 State Park Rd, Dillon, SC 29536&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Little Pee Dee State Park contains two trails that offer an easy, scenic&nbsp;walk through&nbsp;bottomland hardwoods, former beaver wetlands, and longleaf pine forests rich with wildlife and seasonal blooms. The trail is not completely paved but still offers&nbsp;mainly flat&nbsp;terrain. For more information on the differences between the two trails, visit the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/southcarolinaparks.com\/little-pee-dee\/trails\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Little Pee Dee State Park website<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022<strong>&nbsp;Amazing Grace Park:&nbsp;<\/strong>307 W Dozier St, Marion, SC 29571&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amazing Grace Park offers a quiet&nbsp;option&nbsp;close to Marion County with natural trails for those who enjoy peaceful surroundings and a slower pace. It is considered more of a walking trial than a hiking trail because it is paved and completely flat. This would be the perfect place for an afternoon stroll.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Finding Places to Walk on Your Own&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When exploring&nbsp;new places&nbsp;to walk, keep both&nbsp;safety and effectiveness&nbsp;in mind by considering the following:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Take note of the\u00a0terrain\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Take note of any extensive elevation\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Make sure to keep the distance\u00a0reasonable\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Make sure it is a safe area\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Take note of\u00a0whether\u00a0it is a loop train, or an out and back trail\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>The terrain of the trail can make&nbsp;a big difference&nbsp;in how accessible it is for you. Paved trails are much easier to walk and remain steady,&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;a rocky trail would be much harder to manage. It is always good to walk where you know it is&nbsp;comfortable&nbsp;and&nbsp;not have to worry about tripping. If a trail how&nbsp;really big&nbsp;hills, that can be&nbsp;very challenging.&nbsp;Make sure before you start off on a trail that it is&nbsp;relatively flat&nbsp;so that it is not&nbsp;too&nbsp;much for your body to handle. When looking at trails, try to find them between 0.5-2 miles at first. Walking is an amazing way to get&nbsp;exercise;&nbsp;overdoing&nbsp;it can be bad for your health. In addition, make sure to take of&nbsp;whether or not&nbsp;the trail you are looking at is 2 miles to the other side, or 2 miles the entire way. Loop trials can be better because you will&nbsp;always&nbsp;make it back to where you started. Just make sure if it is a&nbsp;one-way&nbsp;trial, not to go so far that you cannot make it all the way back. And as always, make sure you are walking in a safe, public place with help nearby if you were to need it. Always let someone know if you are going out to walk, that way you have someone to check in on you while you do so.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to Pace Yourself When Walking&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before getting started it is&nbsp;a good idea&nbsp;to talk with your doctor to make sure walking is safe for you and that you are cleared for physical activity.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You do not need to walk fast to see benefits. A helpful guide is the talk test. You should be able to talk&nbsp;comfortably, but not sing, while walking. If you are walking and cannot have a normal paced conversation, that is a sign you should slow down.&nbsp;Getting&nbsp;your heart rate up is a good thing, but if you feel out of breath, slow your pace. Start with shorter walks and gradually increase your time. Even ten minutes at a time counts. If needed, break your walk into intervals using benches, shaded areas, or natural stopping points along the way.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Shoes Work Best for Walking&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Supportive shoes can make&nbsp;a big difference, especially on uneven paths, boardwalks, or sandy areas common in the region.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Look for shoes with:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Good arch support&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Cushioned soles&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Breathable material&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 A secure fit that does not rub or slip&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Athletic walking or running shoes are usually best. Sandals and flip flops can increase the risk of blisters and falls, particularly in heat and humidity.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is also important to talk with your doctor or a podiatrist if needed to make sure you are wearing the right footwear, especially if you have any existing conditions that may require extra support. For more information, visit the Home and Garden Information Center article,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/podiatrist-care-for-foot-health-and-diabetes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Podiatrist Care for Foot&nbsp;Health&nbsp;and Diabetes<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to Monitor&nbsp;Your Steps and Progress&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tracking movement can be motivating, and it does not need to be complicated.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Options include:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Using a smartphone step counter&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Wearing a basic fitness tracker or watch&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Tracking time walked instead of steps&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is no perfect step number for everyone. Focus on moving more than you did before and building a routine that fits your schedule and ability. For&nbsp;additional&nbsp;support and motivation, check out these helpful fact sheets from the Home and Garden Information Center,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/smartphone-apps-for-diabetes-self-management-support\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Smartphone Apps for Diabetes Self-Management Support<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/5-ways-to-crush-your-fitness-goals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5 Ways to Crush Your Fitness Goals!<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Staying Hydrated While Walking Outdoors&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Warm temperatures and humidity can increase fluid needs, even during short walks.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>General tips include:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Bring water if you are walking longer than twenty minutes&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Sip water before, during, and after your walk&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Drink more if you are sweating heavily&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Walk early in the morning or later in the evening when temperatures are cooler&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Listen to your body. Feeling dizzy, overly tired, or lightheaded is a sign to stop, rest, and hydrate. For tips on staying safe in warmer weather, check out the Home and Garden Information Center fact sheet,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/hydrate-in-the-heat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hydrate in the Heat<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Make Walking Work for You&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Walking should feel enjoyable, not like a chore. Choose places you enjoy in your community, wear comfortable shoes, and walk at a pace that feels right for your body. Whether it is a short stroll or a longer scenic walk, every step supports your health.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are managing diabetes, heart health, or simply trying to move more, walking is&nbsp;a simple way&nbsp;to start right where you are.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to walking on your own, structured programs can help you stay consistent and build confidence. Programs like&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/walksc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">WalkSC<\/a>&nbsp;offer a guided way to increase your daily steps and stay motivated, while&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.clemson.edu\/extension\/health\/programs\/wellness\/practical-strength.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Practical Strength<\/a>&nbsp;provides live, weekly classes led by certified fitness instructors who focus on building the strength needed for everyday activities like walking.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For even more benefits, make sure to check out&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/the-health-benefits-of-nature\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Health Benefits of Nature<\/a>&nbsp;and learn all about the impact nature can make on all parts of your life.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). More people walk to better health. CDC\u00a0VitalSigns.\u00a0https:\/\/archive.cdc.gov\/#\/details?url=https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vitalsigns\/walking\/index.html\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). Staying hydrated: Preventing heat\u2011related illness. CDC.\u00a0https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/heat-health\/about\/index.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fextreme-heat%2Fprevention%2Findex.html\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). Walking: Physical activity. CDC.\u00a0https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/physical-activity\/php\/about\/index.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/physicalactivity\/walking\/index.htm\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clemson Cooperative Extension. (2020). Activity and exercise (HGIC 4375). Home &amp; Garden Information Center, Clemson University.\u00a0https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/activity-and-exercise\/\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clemson Cooperative Extension. (2020, July 23). Hydrate in the heat (HGIC 4378). Home &amp; Garden Information Center, Clemson University.\u00a0https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/hydrate-in-the-heat\/\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clemson Cooperative Extension. (2022, October 31). Smartphone apps for diabetes self\u2011management support (HGIC 3889). Home &amp; Garden Information Center, Clemson University.\u00a0https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/smartphone-apps-for-diabetes-self-management-support\/\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clemson Cooperative Extension. (2023, February 15). 5 ways to crush your fitness goals! Home &amp; Garden Information Center, Clemson University.\u00a0https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/5-ways-to-crush-your-fitness-goals\/\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clemson Cooperative Extension. (2024, July 29). Podiatrist care for foot health and diabetes. Home &amp; Garden Information Center, Clemson University.\u00a0https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/podiatrist-care-for-foot-health-and-diabetes\/\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clemson Cooperative Extension. (n.d.). Practical strength training. Clemson University.\u00a0https:\/\/www.clemson.edu\/extension\/health\/programs\/wellness\/practical-strength.html\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clemson Cooperative Extension. (n.d.).\u00a0WalkSC. Home &amp; Garden Information Center, Clemson University.\u00a0https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/walksc\/\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clemson Rural Health. (2023, June 21). The health benefits of nature. Clemson University.\u00a0https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/the-health-benefits-of-nature\/\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (n.d.). Staying active at any size. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health.\u00a0https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/weight-management\/staying-active-at-any-size\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Authors:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bailee Floyd, Rural Health and Nutrition Agent,\u00a0Horry\u00a0and Marion Counties\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bailey Smith, UPIC Intern, Rural\u00a0Health\u00a0and Nutrition\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewers: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melissa Bales, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellie Lane, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A beautiful walking trail\u00a0located\u00a0in\u00a0Williamson Park in Darlington, South Carolina.\u00a0Photo Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank\u00a0 Why We&nbsp;Should&nbsp;Walk&nbsp;&nbsp; Staying active can look different for everyone, and for many people, walking is one simple and accessible&nbsp;option. In the Pee Dee Region of South Carolina, a broad area in the northeastern part of the state that includes multiple counties, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3907,"featured_media":348,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10351,105058,103700,10352],"tags":[105136,105205,105264,105358,105263,105036,105010,105359,105037,105009,105361,105268,105360],"coauthors":[105057],"class_list":["post-347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-physical-activity","category-walksc","category-wellness","tag-bailee-floyd","tag-bailey-smith","tag-cardio","tag-cardiovascular-activity","tag-cardiovascular-training","tag-exercise","tag-health","tag-pee-dee","tag-physical-activity","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-stay-active","tag-walk","tag-walking-trails"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-Trail_Williamson-Park_Darlington-1-150x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/347","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3907"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=347"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/347\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=347"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=347"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=347"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=347"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":338,"date":"2026-05-05T19:27:54","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T19:27:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=338"},"modified":"2026-05-05T21:58:06","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T21:58:06","slug":"exercise-for-persons-with-low-mobility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/exercise-for-persons-with-low-mobility\/","title":{"rendered":"Exercise for Persons with Low Mobility"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Male-Yoga-2-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-342\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Male-Yoga-2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Male-Yoga-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Male-Yoga-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Male-Yoga-2-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Male-Yoga-2-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Yoga is an accessible form of balance and flexibility training that can be performed standing, seated in a chair, or on the ground. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Physical activity is an essential part of maintaining health, independence, and quality of life, but for individuals with low mobility, traditional exercise advice can often feel discouraging or out of reach. Mobility is defined as the ability to move or walk freely without experiencing pain or discomfort as our joints move through their full range of motion. Someone experiencing low mobility may not be able move as comfortably making exercise much more challenging. The good news is that exercise does not have to look the same for everyone. With the right modifications and approach, physical activity can be safe, effective, and accessible at any mobility level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is Low Mobility Exercise?<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Low mobility exercise refers to aerobic, strength, and flexibility training that is adapted for individuals who have difficulty with movement. This may be due to age, injury, disability, or chronic conditions. Exercises can be done seated, in water, or with supportive equipment like chairs or resistance bands. Even if you cannot stand for long or walk without assistance, modifying physical activity can help you improve circulation, reduce joint stiffness, boost mental health, and maintain independence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benefits of Exercise for People with Low Mobility<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Maintain independence and perform daily tasks more easily<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve cardiovascular health and boost energy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve balance and reduce risk of falls<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Manage chronic health conditions such as diabetes or arthritis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support brain function and memory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve flexibility and joint health<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promote better posture and reduce stiffness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Increase muscle strength and bone density<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduce stress, anxiety, and depression<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support healthy sleep<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Physical Activity Recommendations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommends that all adults participate in the following weekly activities:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity or at least 75-150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic\/cardiovascular activities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>At least 2 days of muscle-strengthening activities (all major muscle groups)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Balance and flexibility activities should be done regularly (typically a few days per week), though they are not formally quantified like cardio and strength<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These goals can feel overwhelming, especially with limited mobility, but remember, all exercises can be modified to meet your needs. <strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cardiovascular Exercise<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cardio, or aerobic, activity raises your heart rate and increases endurance strengthening the lungs. It supports heart health, boosts mood, helps manage weight, and even improves blood sugar control. The heart is a muscle, and just like with any other muscle, can be strengthened. A stronger heart is going to be able to function more efficiently even at rest, meaning your heart does not have to work as hard, therefore, strengthening the heart can increase its longevity and help reduce your risk of cardiovascular issues as you age. Cardio training also supports everyday activities, allowing daily tasks to be performed more efficiently and with less shortness of breath.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Common cardio activities like walking, running, or climbing stairs may be particularly difficult for someone with low mobility. Fortunately, there are numerous modifications or alternative exercises that can be completed to allow someone with low mobility to practice cardio safely and comfortably.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Accessible Cardiovascular Activities:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Seated Aerobic Movements:<\/strong> Performing activities from a seated position helps alleviate pressure on the lower body especially the knees and ankle joints. Sitting in a comfortable yet sturdy chair, couch, or even in the bed, can allow someone with low mobility to practice cardio where they are able to focus on the movement without being distracted by pain. Several activities can easily be modified to a seated position such as marching in place, jumping jacks or half-jacks, dancing, or boxing. Performing these movements from a seated position does not diminish any of their benefit!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Swimming and Water Aerobics:<\/strong> Exercising in water is an excellent way to reduce stress and pressure on the joints because the water supports body weight, making movement easier and less painful. This added buoyancy allows individuals to move more comfortably while still being physically active. Swimming provides an effective cardiovascular workout, while the natural resistance of the water also helps build muscle strength at the same time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Biking and Elliptical machines:<\/strong> Using a stationary bike or elliptical machine is a great low-impact activity. These are great alternatives to walking or running as the repetitive pounding on the feet, ankles, and knees that occurs while running is removed. This means less force is transmitted through the ankles, knees, hips, and spine making it a less painful experience.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strength Training<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength or resistance training helps build muscle by forcing the body to work against some type of resistance like weights, resistance bands, or even just body weight. Strength training has numerous benefits for someone with low mobility; strengthening the muscles surrounding our joints can help reduce joint pain and potentially increase mobility. When muscles are stronger, they can help absorb the \u2018shock\u2019 or stress for joints making the joint more stable and less painful to move. Stronger muscles can also impact our ability to complete activities of daily living making them easier and more comfortable to perform; simple activities like moving from sitting to standing can become easier with more strength training. Finally, strength training can increase our bone density making our bones stronger and less susceptible to injury from falls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training may seem intimating to start but can certainly be performed safely even with low mobility. Starting with low resistance, sometimes just bodyweight, and working on proper form first can help get you more comfortable and reduce your risk for injury. Progression should occur gradually and only when you are comfortable with form and balance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Accessible Strength Training Activities:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Seated Strengthening Exercises:<\/strong> Just as with cardio activities, performing activities from a seated position helps alleviate pressure on the lower body especially the knees and ankle joints. Upper body strengthening exercises are usually easily adaptable to a seated position often requiring little to no modifications. For lower body exercises, incorporating a seat for stability can help lower the range of motion required to perform the exercise making it more accessible for someone with knee or lower back pain. The chair can also help someone maintain their balance as they work to build strength in the beginning. Similarly with cardio, performing strength training from a seated position does not diminish the benefits!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Water-Based Strength Activities:<\/strong> Water will provide a natural resistance for your muscles to work against while alleviating stress and pressure on joints. Joining a water strength training group fitness class can give you access to using water appropriate weights for additional resistance. Pool noodles or other floaties can also be used to provide additional resistance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Resistance Band Exercises:<\/strong> Incorporating resistance bands into your strength training routine is a great option for someone with low mobility. Resistance bands provide a smooth even tension throughout the movement that can help reduce joint strain while strengthening the muscles around painful joints.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Machines:<\/strong> If you have access to a commercial gym or other space that has strength training machines, they can be a great option for someone with low mobility. Most machines will allow you to sit as you move through the exercise and similarly to resistance bands, the tension throughout the movement is smoother than with free weights which can help alleviate stress. The machines will also guide your movement as you work through the exercise making it a great option for beginners and those with limited balance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Balance and Flexibility Exercises<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Flexibility training helps our muscles and joints properly move through their range of motion. Emphasizing flexibility training can help reduce stiffness, improve movement efficiency, and increase postural strength. Balance training helps improve our body\u2019s ability to move through space in an upright, safe, and controlled manner. Increasing our ability to balance can help reduce our risk of falls, improve functional independence as we age, and build confidence in ourselves to perform activities of daily living.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Balance and flexibility training are often two overlooked components to a well-rounded physical activity routine. Both are adaptable to seated or standing positions, and both can be incorporated as a warm-up or cool-down for other activities like cardio or strength.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Accessible Balance and Flexibility Activities:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Yoga:<\/strong> Yoga is a physical activity practice that combines stretching and balance components. Yoga poses can be easily adaptable to a seated position to reduce joint stress and support balance. Yoga props like blocks, straps, or balls, can also help modify the pose appropriately. Finding a certified yoga instructor in your community or online can help teach you have to modify safely and effectively. <a href=\"https:\/\/yogaalliance.org\/find-a-yoga-teacher\/\">Yoga Alliance<\/a> is a helpful directory to find a yoga instructor with recognized credentials.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tai Chi:<\/strong> Tai Chi combines slow, continuous, movement with controlled breathing to support stronger balance and coordination. Tai Chi can also help improve lower-body strength, postural stability, and balance by encouraging smooth body weight shifting and increased body awareness. Practicing Tai Chi is a great option for someone with low mobility as it does not require a high physical strain.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Physical activity is possible and beneficial at every level of mobility. While movement may look different for each individual, engaging in regular aerobic, strength, flexibility, and balance exercises can significantly improve health, independence, and quality of life. Exercise does not require standing, walking long distances, or access to specialized equipment; even small, consistent movements performed safely can lead to meaningful improvements over time. By focusing on what the body <em>can<\/em> do, rather than its limitations, individuals with low mobility can build strength, improve confidence, and maintain functional independence as they age.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Programs to Support Your Physical Activity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Clemson Extension Rural Health and Nutrition Team offers free, evidence-based physical activity programs designed to meet participants where they are and provide support every step of the way. Whether you want to build a walking routine with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/clemson.ca1.qualtrics.com\/jfe\/form\/SV_72O40TNfAUmwtZc\"><strong><em>WalkSC<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, create a balanced movement plan through&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/clemson.ca1.qualtrics.com\/jfe\/form\/SV_5ALzjWFzKmXRlMW\"><strong><em>MoveSC<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, improve strength and function with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/practical-strength-tickets-1555438972839\"><strong><em>Practical Strength<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, or explore gentle balance and flexibility training through&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/yoga-for-every-body-tickets-1428088052809\"><strong><em>Yoga for Every Body<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, our programs provide structured guidance, education, and ongoing support from trained fitness and health coaches. Designed for beginners and experienced movers alike, these programs focus on building confidence, consistency, and realistic habits that support long-term health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Learn more about our physical activity programs and additional resources by visiting the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clemson.edu\/extension\/health\/\"><strong>Rural Health and Nutrition Team Website<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;or contacting the Rural Health and Nutrition Team via email at <a href=\"mailto:healthextension@clemson.edu\">healthextension@clemson.edu<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Arthritis Foundation. (n.d.). <em>Water exercise benefits for arthritis<\/em>. https:\/\/www.arthritis.org\/health-wellness\/healthy-living\/physical-activity\/other-activities\/water-exercise-benefits-for-arthritis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). <em>How much physical activity do older adults need?<\/em> U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/physicalactivity\/basics\/older_adults\/index.htm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cleveland Clinic. (2021). <em>5 best exercises for people with diabetes<\/em>. https:\/\/health.clevelandclinic.org\/5-best-exercises-for-people-with-diabetes\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ConnectAbility Australia. (2022). <em>How to exercise with limited mobility<\/em>. https:\/\/www.connectability.org.au\/how-to-exercise-with-limited-mobility\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Featured Exercises from ACE. (n.d.). <em>Exercise database &amp; library<\/em>. American Council on Exercise. https:\/\/www.acefitness.org\/resources\/everyone\/exercise-library\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Robinson, L. (2022). <em>How to exercise with limited mobility<\/em>. HelpGuide.org. https:\/\/www.helpguide.org\/articles\/healthy-living\/chair-exercises-and-limited-mobility-fitness.htm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Senior Lifestyle. (2021). <em>5 simple and fun water aerobics exercises for seniors<\/em>. https:\/\/www.seniorlifestyle.com\/resources\/blog\/5-best-water-aerobics-exercises-seniors\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2020). <em>Maintaining mobility and preventing disability are key to living independently as we age<\/em>. National Institute on Aging. https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/news\/maintaining-mobility-and-preventing-disability-are-key-living-independently-we-age<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Victoria State Government Department of Health. (n.d.). <em>Resistance training \u2013 health benefits<\/em>. Better Health Channel. https:\/\/www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au\/health\/healthyliving\/resistance-training-health-benefits<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Authors:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Marguerite Peterseim, Rural Health and Nutrition Program Assistant, Statewide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Camden Bryan, Rural Health and Nutrition, Statewide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellie Lane, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed by:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melissa Bales, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yoga is an accessible form of balance and flexibility training that can be performed standing, seated in a chair, or on the ground. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank Physical activity is an essential part of maintaining health, independence, and quality of life, but for individuals with low mobility, traditional exercise advice can often feel [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3907,"featured_media":342,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10351,105042,105058,105347,103700,10352,104040],"tags":[105350,105178,105263,105267,105036,105353,105010,105352,105351,105348,105037,105009,105349],"coauthors":[105057],"class_list":["post-338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-illness-sickness","category-physical-activity","category-practical-strength-physical-activity","category-walksc","category-wellness","category-yoga-for-every-body","tag-balance-and-flexibility-training","tag-camden-bryan","tag-cardiovascular-training","tag-ellie-lane","tag-exercise","tag-exercise-modifications","tag-health","tag-limited-mobility","tag-low-mobility","tag-marguerite-peterseim","tag-physical-activity","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-strength-training"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Male-Yoga-2-150x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3907"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=338"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/338\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=338"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":340,"date":"2026-05-05T19:10:14","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T19:10:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=340"},"modified":"2026-05-05T22:00:55","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T22:00:55","slug":"walking-for-wellness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/walking-for-wellness\/","title":{"rendered":"Walking for Wellness"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-around-town-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-around-town-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-around-town-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-around-town-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-around-town-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-around-town-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Walking is an effective activity for improving overall health. Even modest increases in daily steps can provide significant physical and mental health benefits. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Walking Overview<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Walking is a simple, free, and safe activity that most people can realistically do. It requires no fitness equipment beyond a comfortable pair of shoes and can be performed indoors on a walking path, treadmill or walking pad, outdoors on a community road or park trail, or even from a seated position in a chair. Low-impact physical activity such as walking carries a low risk of injury, making it suitable for people of all ages and fitness levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Walking is an ideal starting point for individuals who have not been active for a while, as it allows the body to gradually adapt to movement without placing excessive stress on the joints, muscles, or heart. In addition, walking can serve as a warm-up or cool-down for other forms of physical activity, including jogging, running, strength training, or balance and flexibility exercises. A consistent walking routine also helps prevent and manage chronic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, adults should aim for 30 minutes of walking at least five times per week to support overall health. If a 30-minute walk feels overwhelming, break the activity into smaller sessions, such as three 10-minute walks after meals throughout the day. Even small increases in daily steps or time spent walking can lead to meaningful improvements in health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Consistency matters more than intensity with walking and all physical activity. A regular low- or moderate-intensity walk leads to greater long-term health benefits than an intense activity, such as running, performed occasionally. Any amount of walking is better than none, with the most significant health changes occurring with consistency in daily or weekly walks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Setting a goal for total number of steps or amount of time spent walking each week can be a helpful tool for motivation and accountability. Everyone\u2019s starting point and end goals with walking are unique. However, it is possible for everyone to improve from their starting point by gradually progressing with walking over time. A gradual \u201cladder\u201d approach helps build a habit and consistency with physical activity. Start with what feels realistic and doable and slowly increase the amount or intensity of walking over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benefits of Walking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Regular walking supports multiple aspects of physical and mental health, including: &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cardiovascular Health: Strengthens the heart, reduces blood pressure, and supports healthy cholesterol levels.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Blood Glucose Management: Supports balanced blood sugar levels and helps prevent and manage type 2 diabetes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Muscle and Bone Health: Strengthens muscles, improves posture, and supports bone density.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mental Health: Improves mood, energy, alertness, and cognitive function, while reducing stress, anxiety, and symptoms of depression.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weight Management: Supports maintaining a healthy weight when combined with a balanced diet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accessibility: Requires minimal equipment and can be adapted to most fitness levels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step Goals<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Research shows that long-term health benefits are closely related to total daily steps rather than hitting a specific high step target. Adults who walk around 7,000 \u2013 8,000 steps per day experience substantially lower risks of early death, heart disease, and cognitive decline. Additional benefits compound as step counts increase, but the greatest gains appear when progressing from very low step counts to a moderate daily range. Increased walking pace can add some additional benefit, but total movement across the day has the most meaningful impact on health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For individuals who are currently less active, improvements can begin with small, achievable increases in daily steps. Gradually adding 500 \u2013 1,000 steps per day, using a device to track progress, and finding simple ways to incorporate more movement can all help build consistency. Adding more movement can look like short walks, taking more frequent breaks from sitting, or adding steps during daily routines such as brushing teeth or talking on the phone with loved ones. Over time, increasing daily steps gradually supports better cardiovascular, metabolic, and overall health without requiring people to reach high step goals all at once. Tracking steps with a wearable device, phone app, or pen and paper can help monitor progress and maintain consistency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to Add More Steps Each Day<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Small changes in a person\u2019s routine can increase daily steps without adding extra stress to their schedule. Consider trying these strategies to add more daily steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Park farther away from entrances to stores or events<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Walk during a break, such as lunchtime<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Take the stairs instead of the elevator<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Take pets on extra walks or include active play<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Walk while talking with a friend, family member, or colleague<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>March or walk in place while watching TV or using a desk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dance to favorite music several times per day<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Forming a consistent habit with physical activity takes time. Research shows it typically takes about two months of consistency to feel like a habit is \u201csecond nature\u201d and part of a daily routine. Start small, stay consistent, and gradually increase walking duration or steps over time to support long-term adherence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Power Walking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Power walking is a faster, more energetic form of walking that raises the heart rate more than a regular walk but is still considered low-impact and easier on the joints than jogging or running. &nbsp;The recommended speed for an average adult is 4 \u2013 5.5 miles per hour, or a 13 \u2013 15-minute mile pace. Proper form includes always keeping one foot in contact with the ground, moving in a heel-to-toe step, pumping the arms in a rhythmic motion, and engaging the core. With intentional and coordinated arm movement, power walking becomes a full-body cardio workout that simultaneously engages the core. Remember to draw the belly button towards the spine while walking to activate the abdominal muscles and keep posture neutral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brisk walking at a pace of 3 miles per hour or faster qualifies as moderate-intensity aerobic activity. This level of effort aligns with the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, which recommend that all adults accumulate at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity. The \u201cTalk Test\u201d is a practical tool for gauging the intensity of walking or power walking. During moderate-intensity activity, talking is possible but singing is not. In comparison, both talking and singing are possible during light-intensity activity, while neither is possible during vigorous-intensity activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benefits of Power Walking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Power walking amplifies the many benefits of regular walking. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Balance: Core engagement improves posture and reduces fall risk.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Digestion: Walking after meals helps move food through the digestive system. Moderate activity can begin 10-30 minutes after eating, depending on meal size.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Heart Health: Strengthens the heart, lowers blood pressure, and supports cardiovascular function.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chronic Disease Prevention\/Management: Improves cholesterol and reduces risk of type 2 diabetes and stroke.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weight Management: Supports maintaining a healthy weight, especially when combined with healthy eating.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mental Health: Reduces stress, releases endorphins that improve mood, and improves alertness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Social Support: Walking with friends, family, or community groups increases motivation and enjoyment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Proper Walking Form and Attire<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Walking is most effective when approached with intention and awareness. Focusing on posture, comfortable stride length, and how the body feels during movement can make walking safer, more efficient, and more enjoyable. Paying attention to alignment and body mechanics also helps reduce unnecessary strain on the joints and supports a smoother, more natural gait. Taking a few moments to set up proper form can help individuals walk more comfortably and build a strong foundation for progressing toward longer or more frequent walks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Stand tall with a neutral spine, aligning head over heart, heart over pelvis, pelvis over ankles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Relax shoulders down and away from the ears to prevent tension in the upper body<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Engage the core by drawing the belly button towards the spine to support the low back and promote stable posture<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Keep arms bent comfortably at approximately 90 degrees and swing them naturally at the sides<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Maintain a steady, natural stride; avoid overstriding which can increase joint stiffness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roll through the feet from heel to toe to support smooth, efficient movement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Keep gaze forward rather than down to support alignment and reduce neck strain<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Wearing appropriate clothing and footwear can make walking more comfortable and safer for people of all fitness levels. Choosing attire that supports mobility, reduces friction, and helps regulate temperature allows walking to feel more enjoyable and sustainable over time. Proper footwear is especially important, as supportive walking shoes can reduce stress on the feet, ankles, knees, and lower back while maintaining good alignment during each step. Clothing should allow free movement and help manage moisture to keep the body comfortable in different weather conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recommended attire for walking:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Supportive, athletic shoes with good traction and a comfortable fit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Breathable, moisture-wicking clothing to help regulate temperature<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Layers, so that temperature can be adjusted throughout the walk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Socks that reduce friction and help prevent blisters<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sun protection such as hats, sunglasses, and sunscreen when walking outdoors<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reflective or highly visible clothing if walking near roads or in low-light conditions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To increase the effort or challenge, consider adding light dumbbells or a weighted vest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Warm-Up and Cool-Down for Walking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Warming up before a walk prepares the body for movement by gradually increasing heart rate, warming the muscles, and improving joint mobility. A warm-up should focus on dynamic movements, which involve controlled, active motion through a comfortable range of motion. Dynamic movements help improve circulation, enhance coordination, and reduce the risk of injury once the walking pace increases. Each dynamic movement is typically performed for at least 30 seconds or 8-12 repetitions. A full warm-up usually lasts 3-5 minutes before transitioning into the walk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dynamic Warm-Up Exercises (before walking):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>March in Place \u2013 lift knees and swing arms in gentle, rhythmic motion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ankle Circles + Heel\/Toe Rolls \u2013 rotate ankles in circles; roll feet from heel to toe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Calf Raises + Knee Lifts \u2013 raise and lower heels; alternate lifting knees with control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Leg Swings + Hip Circles \u2013 swing legs forward\/backward and side-to-side; rotate hips in circles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Torso Rotations \u2013 gently twist upper body side to side with arms relaxed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cooling down after a walk helps the body transition back to a resting state. A cool-down involves gradually slowing walking pace, followed by static stretching, which means holding a gentle stretch for a period of time without bouncing. Static stretching helps reduce muscle tension, maintain flexibility, and support recovery after aerobic activity. Each static stretch is generally held for at least 30 seconds, or 3-5 deep breaths. Stretches can be repeated 1-2 times per muscle group, for a total cool-down time of 3-5 minutes after walking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Static Cool-Down Stretches (after walking):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Calf Stretch \u2013 step one foot back, heel down, and hinge slightly forward at the hips<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hamstring Stretch \u2013 extend one leg forward, heel on the ground, hinge at the hips, keeping back straight<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quadriceps Stretch \u2013 stand tall, bend one knee, and hold the ankle behind the body with hips level<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Glute Stretch \u2013 cross one ankle over the opposite knee or shin, bend knees slightly, and sit hips back<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hip Flexor Stretch \u2013 step one foot forward into a gentle lunge, keeping back leg straight and pelvis tucked<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Walking is an accessible, low-impact activity that provides a wide range of benefits for physical and mental health. Even modest increases in steps, maintained consistently over time, can improve cardiovascular health, blood glucose control, mood, cognition, and overall well-being. Power walking offers an additional challenge for those seeking to elevate heart rate and engage the entire body. By setting realistic step goals, gradually increasing activity, and integrating walking into daily routines, walking can become a sustainable and enjoyable path to lifelong wellness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Additional Resources<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are interested in learning more about walking and developing a consistent walking routine, consider joining Clemson Extension\u2019s 12-week walking program, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clemson.edu\/extension\/health\/programs\/wellness\/walk-sc.html\">WalkSC<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To learn more about physical activity, check out <a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/physical-activity-for-adults\/\">HGIC 4031, Physical Activity for Adults<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/activity-and-exercise\/\">HGIC 4375, Activity and Exercise<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/fit-and-busy-how-to-stay-active-with-a-packed-schedule\/\">HGIC Blog, Fit and Busy: How to Stay Active with a Packed Schedule.<\/a><br><br><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). <em>Stepping up to diabetes: The power of walking<\/em>. https:\/\/diabetes.org\/health-wellness\/fitness\/diabetes-walking-plan<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Barough, N. (2018). <em>What is power walking? Power walking techniques, tips &amp; challenges<\/em>. Walk The Walk. https:\/\/walkthewalk.org\/training\/what-is-power-walking<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Capeta, A. (2022). <em>What is power walking?<\/em> Nike. https:\/\/www.nike.com\/a\/what-is-power-walking<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). <em>Measuring physical activity intensity<\/em>. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/physicalactivity\/basics\/measuring\/index.html<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fayehun, A. F., Olowookere, O. O., Ogunbode, A. M., Adetunji, A. A., &amp; Esan, A. (2018). Walking prescription of 10,000 steps per day in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised trial in Nigerian general practice. <em>British Journal of General Practice, 68(667), e139-e145. <\/em>https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29335328\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hamaguchi, T., Tayama, J., Suzuki, M., Nakaya, N., Takizawa, H., Koizumi, K., Amano, Y., Kanazawa, M., Fukudo, S. (2020). The effects of locomotor activity on gastrointestinal symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome among younger people: An observational study. <em>PLOS ONE<\/em>, 15(12): e0244465. https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0234089<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rodriguez, N. R., Di Marco, N. M., Langley, S., American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada, &amp; American College of Sports Medicine. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand: Nutrition and athletic performance.<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise, 41(3), 709-731. <\/em>https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19225360\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UCLA Health. (2025). <em>How many steps do you need a day to see health benefits?<\/em>&nbsp;https:\/\/www.uclahealth.org\/news\/article\/how-many-steps-do-you-need-day-see-health-benefits<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2018). <em>Physical activity guidelines for Americans<\/em> (2<sup>nd<\/sup> ed.). https:\/\/odphp.health.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-09\/Physical_Activity_Guidelines_2nd_edition.pdf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Marguerite Peterseim, Rural Health and Nutrition Program Assistant, Statewide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Julianna Mikolaiski, PHS Intern, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Camden Bryan, Rural Health and Nutrition Extension Agent, Statewide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellie Lane, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed by: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melissa Bales, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Walking is an effective activity for improving overall health. Even modest increases in daily steps can provide significant physical and mental health benefits. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank Walking Overview Walking is a simple, free, and safe activity that most people can realistically do. It requires no fitness equipment beyond a comfortable pair of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3907,"featured_media":341,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10351,105058,1,103700,10352],"tags":[105178,105264,105263,105345,105267,105010,105037,105341,105009,105344,105343,105342,105104,105268,105103,105301],"coauthors":[105057],"class_list":["post-340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-physical-activity","category-uncategorized","category-walksc","category-wellness","tag-camden-bryan","tag-cardio","tag-cardiovascular-training","tag-dynamic-stretching","tag-ellie-lane","tag-health","tag-physical-activity","tag-power-walking","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-static-stretching","tag-step-goal","tag-steps","tag-stretching","tag-walk","tag-walking","tag-walksc"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/05\/Walking-around-town-150x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3907"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=340"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=340"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":321,"date":"2026-05-05T18:50:40","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T18:50:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=321"},"modified":"2026-05-05T18:50:40","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T18:50:40","slug":"the-glycemic-index-a-helpful-tool-for-blood-glucose-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/the-glycemic-index-a-helpful-tool-for-blood-glucose-management\/","title":{"rendered":"The Glycemic Index: A Helpful Tool for Blood Glucose Management"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/GI-pic-fact-sheet-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/GI-pic-fact-sheet-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/GI-pic-fact-sheet-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/GI-pic-fact-sheet-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/GI-pic-fact-sheet.jpg 1430w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Common foods, including vegetables, fruits, and grains, contain carbohydrates. Using the glycemic index can help people with diabetes determine which foods have the most impact on blood glucose levels and prevent high blood sugar spikes. Image credit: RHN Team Picture Bank<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Carbohydrates and the Human Body<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>All foods provide the human body with at least one of three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Of the three macronutrients, the human body prefers carbohydrates as its primary source of fuel for supplying the body\u2019s cells, tissues, and organs with energy. Carbohydrates can come from many different foods, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vegetables (specifically starchy vegetables, like potatoes and corn)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fruits<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grains (such as pasta, bread, and rice)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Legumes (beans, peas, and lentils)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dairy products<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Desserts and pre-packaged snack foods<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Carbohydrates consumed through meals or snacks can be further categorized into three main types:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sugars<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Starches<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fiber<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The body breaks down the components of carbohydrates, particularly sugars and starches, further into simple sugars, known as glucose. Fiber, while an important nutrient, cannot be digested in the human body. For this reason, fiber slows the rate at which sugars and starches are broken down into glucose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As carbohydrates are digested, the pancreas secretes insulin in response to rising blood glucose levels. Understanding how quickly certain carbohydrates are digested and how they affect blood glucose levels can help individuals manage their diabetes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Glycemic Index<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The glycemic index (GI) was developed to measure how quickly carbohydrate-containing foods raise blood glucose levels after consumption. The glycemic index scale ranges from 0 to 100, and food rankings typically fall into low, medium, and high categories. The categories are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Low GI: 0 to 55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Medium GI: 56 to 69<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>High GI: 70 to 100<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Foods within the high GI category usually contain more simple sugars and refined carbohydrates. These foods can cause rapid increases in blood glucose. Examples of foods within the high GI category include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Refined, white bread<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>White rice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Baked potato<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Watermelon<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Medium GI foods typically raise blood glucose more slowly than high GI foods. Foods that fall in the medium GI range also provide more sustained energy, whereas high GI foods often lead to energy crashes and hunger. Many foods are classified as medium-GI foods. Some examples are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Whole wheat bread<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Raisins<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Honey<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Low GI foods raise blood glucose levels slowly. Most non-starchy vegetables and legumes fit into this category. Other low GI foods are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Quinoa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strawberries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apples<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cow&#8217;s milk or unsweetened plant-based milk alternatives<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unsweetened Yogurt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The drawback of using a tool like GI is that it relies solely on eating foods on an empty stomach. It does not consider portion size or whether the food was prepared as part of a balanced meal. A food\u2019s GI can also be affected by how the food was cooked (steamed, baked, boiled, etc.), its ripeness, the fiber content, and the food\u2019s fat, fiber, and acid content. However, GI remains a useful tool for identifying nutrient-dense foods with a lower impact on blood glucose levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Glycemic Load<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Glycemic Load (GL) was developed by researchers to account for the impact of typical food portion sizes on blood glucose levels. Like GI, the GL of foods is classified into three categories:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Low GL (0 \u2013 10)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Medium GL (11-19)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>High GL (20 or more)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Some foods are listed as having a high GL, while others may have a medium or low GL. In combination with the GI scale, one can begin to determine the impact of their food choices on diabetes self-management. A low GL means the food has a small overall effect on blood glucose, a medium GL reflects a moderate rise, and a high GL indicates a larger, faster increase. GL considers both how quickly carbohydrates are digested and how many carbohydrates are in a portion, so some foods with a higher GI still fall into the low GL category. In general, following a low GI eating pattern can help support good blood glucose management and overall health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benefits of Eating Foods with a Low GI<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Regularly eating low-GI foods can aid weight loss or weight management, help balance blood glucose levels, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Who Might Benefit the Most from Using GI?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>While anyone can use GI to make informed food choices, certain populations may find it especially helpful. These include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>People living with diabetes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Individuals with prediabetes or insulin resistance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>People aiming for weight management<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Athletes and active individuals<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Individuals with cardiovascular risk factors, such as a family history of hypertension, high cholesterol, or heart disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, GI can be a practical guide for anyone looking to make balanced carbohydrate choices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why is this Important for People Living with Diabetes?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>GI is important for people living with diabetes because it helps predict how quickly different carbohydrate-containing foods will raise an individual\u2019s blood sugar. Foods with a high GI may cause a more rapid rise in blood glucose, making it harder to manage blood sugar levels. On the other hand, foods with a low GI lead to slower, steadier increases that support better blood sugar control. As a result, not all carbohydrates may affect the body in the same way. However, because diabetes is an individualized disease, with no two people presenting with exactly the same symptoms or outcomes, it is important to follow regular monitoring practices to see how specific foods may affect blood sugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tips for Using GI in Diabetes Management<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While GI can help illustrate how different foods may influence blood glucose, it can be difficult to fully understand how to apply this information in daily eating habits. One helpful approach is to use GI as a general guide when comparing similar foods, such as swapping a higher-GI food for a lower-GI one. Additionally, paying special attention to how foods are prepared can be beneficial, as cooking methods, ripeness, and processing can alter a food&#8217;s glycemic impact. Another simple strategy is to combine foods rich in carbohydrates with sources of fiber, protein, and\/or healthy fats, which can help create meals that digest more gradually. Also, it is important to be mindful of how much carbohydrate is consumed at one time, as GI does not accurately reflect portion sizes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, using the GI can help complement balanced meals, consistent eating routines, and guidance from healthcare professionals. When used this way, GI can help support more predictable glucose patterns without requiring strict rules or major changes to familiar foods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Understanding GI can help individuals make more informed choices about the carbohydrates they eat. While it is not meant to replace portion awareness or personalized guidance from registered dietitians, GI can help support steadier glucose levels and overall well-being. By choosing lower-GI foods, pairing carbohydrates with fiber, protein, and healthy fats, and paying special attention to how food is prepared, people can have well-balanced meals that promote their long-term health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Additional Resources for Nutrition and Diabetes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>HGIC 4406 <a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/nutrition-recommendations-for-diabetes\/\"><em>Nutrition Recommendations for Diabetes<\/em><\/a> (link)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HGIC Blog Post <a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/carbohydrates-the-good-the-bad-the-healthy\/\">Carbohydrates: The Good, The Bad, The Healthy<\/a> (link)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/stirringuphealthyrecipes\/culinary-techniques-glossary\/\">Stirring Up Healthy Recipes, Culinary Techniques Guide<\/a> (link)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References:<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Arkansas Heart Hospital. (n.d.). Glycemic Index Chart. https:\/\/www.arheart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/2020.10.06-Glycemic-Index-Handout.pdf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cleveland Clinic. (2025, April 15). <em>What is the Glycemic Index?<\/em> https:\/\/health.clevelandclinic.org\/glycemic-index.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellis, E. (2019, November 19). <em>What is Glycemic Index?<\/em> https:\/\/www.eatright.org\/health\/wellness\/diet-trends\/what-is-glycemic-index.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (2026). Carbohydrates and Blood Sugar. <em>The Nutrition Source<\/em>. https:\/\/nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu\/carbohydrates\/carbohydrates-and-blood-sugar\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mayo Clinic. (2025, August 19). Low-glycemic index diet: What\u2019s behind the claims?https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/healthy-lifestyle\/nutrition-and-healthy-eating\/in-depth\/low-glycemic-index-diet\/art-20048478.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MedlinePlus. (2024, October 11). <em>Glycemic index and diabetes.<\/em> U.S. National Library of Medicine. https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000941.htm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. (2024, May 1). Whole Health Library: Glycemic Index. https:\/\/www.va.gov\/WHOLEHEALTHLIBRARY\/tools\/glycemic-index.asp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hannah Davis, UPIC Intern, Rural Health and Nutrition Extension<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Julianna Lyle, Rural Health and Nutrition Extension Agent, Anderson &amp; Abbeville Counties<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed by:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hannah Wilson, PhD, RDN, LD, FAND, Assistant Professor, Community Nutrition, Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Melissa Bales, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carbohydrates and the Human Body All foods provide the human body with at least one of three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Of the three macronutrients, the human body prefers carbohydrates as its primary source of fuel for supplying the body\u2019s cells, tissues, and organs with energy. Carbohydrates can come from many different foods, including: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3908,"featured_media":322,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[706,10351,102886,103160,105021,105003],"tags":[105314,105315,105026,105088,105064,105022,105313,105312,105310,105311,105306,105010,105316,105092,105024,105009,105055],"coauthors":[105020],"class_list":["post-321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diabetes","category-health","category-health-extension-for-diabetes","category-know-diabetes-by-heart","category-nutrition","category-stirring-up-healthy-recipes","tag-balanced-meal","tag-blood-glucose","tag-blood-sugar","tag-carbohydrates","tag-chronic-disease","tag-diabetes","tag-fiber","tag-glucose","tag-glycemic-index","tag-glycemic-load","tag-hannah-davis","tag-health","tag-insulin-resistance","tag-julianna-lyle","tag-nutrition","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-sugar"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/GI-pic-fact-sheet-150x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/321","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3908"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=321"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/321\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=321"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":333,"date":"2026-04-30T23:42:38","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T23:42:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=333"},"modified":"2026-05-05T22:04:02","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T22:04:02","slug":"strength-training","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/strength-training\/","title":{"rendered":"Strength Training"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Weights-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Weights-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Weights-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Weights-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Weights-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Weights-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Plank-Pose-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Plank-Pose-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Plank-Pose-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Plank-Pose-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Plank-Pose-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Plank-Pose-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training is not limited to lifting weights. There are many ways to apply resistance against your muscles, including using bodyweight and other types of fitness equipment such as bands, kettlebells, and medicine balls. Working against your own bodyweight is a great strength training option for beginners or those who have not been physically active in a while. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is Strength Training?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training, also called resistance training, is an important part of any exercise program. Strength training is a type of exercise that causes your muscles to contract against outside resistance, such as free weights, machines, resistance bands, medicine balls, or your own body weight. Over time, the muscles adapt by becoming stronger and, depending on the type of training, may also increase in size. Examples of strength training include lifting weights, exercising using body weight or resistance bands, carrying heavy loads, climbing stairs, shoveling snow, and many more activities that challenge the muscles against resistance. Strength training has unique benefits that cannot be achieved through aerobic exercise alone, and some of the benefits of aerobic exercise can be increased with the addition of resistance training. Even though research shows many benefits of strength training, many adults still do not meet the recommended amount of muscle-strengthening activity each week. However, these concerns should not stand in the way of establishing a consistent strength training routine. People of all ages, genders, races, ethnicities, and abilities can reap the benefits of resistance training.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benefits of Strength Training<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Increased muscle strength, endurance, and power<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regular resistance training helps muscles produce more force, sustain effort for longer periods, and generate power more efficiently. These adaptations make it easier to lift, carry, push, pull, and move safely during both exercise and everyday tasks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Increased bone, muscle, and connective tissue growth and durability<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training places stress on the muscles and bones, which encourages the body to adapt by building and maintaining lean tissue. Over time, resistance training can help preserve muscle mass, support stronger bones, and improve the durability of tendons and ligaments. These adaptations are especially important for healthy aging and injury prevention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Improved mobility, physical functioning, and performance in activities of daily living<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Resistance training improves the ability to stand up, climb stairs, get up from the floor, carry groceries, and complete other daily movements with greater ease. Stronger muscles also help support posture, coordination, and joint control, which can improve overall function and independence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. Reduced body fat and increased basal metabolic rate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training can increase or preserve lean muscle mass, which helps the body use energy more efficiently. Because muscle tissue is metabolically active, maintaining more lean mass can support a healthier resting metabolism. When combined with appropriate nutrition, resistance training can also help reduce body fat over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5. Decreased blood pressure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regular resistance training can help lower resting blood pressure and improve cardiovascular health. These benefits are often greatest when strength training is combined with aerobic exercise, healthy eating, adequate sleep, and other heart-healthy habits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. Improved blood lipid profiles, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training helps muscles use glucose more effectively and can improve the body\u2019s response to insulin. These metabolic adaptations support healthier blood sugar regulation and may also improve blood lipid levels, reducing risk factors linked to chronic disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7. Increased functional independence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Building and maintaining strength helps people stay independent for longer by making everyday movement easier and safer. This is especially important for older adults and for anyone recovering from periods of inactivity, illness, or injury.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8. Reduced incidence of falls and related complications in older adults<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training helps improve balance, coordination, and lower-body strength, which are important for fall prevention. Stronger muscles also provide better support for joints and help reduce the likelihood of injury when a fall does occur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9. Improved well-being, self-esteem, and mental health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regular exercise is linked to better mood, greater confidence, and improved overall well-being. Strength training can also support mental health by giving people a sense of accomplishment, competence, and control over their progress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10. Improved long-term health and healthy aging<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training supports healthy aging by helping preserve muscle mass, mobility, bone health, and physical capacity over time. It is also associated with a lower risk of many chronic health problems and can help people stay active and capable throughout the lifespan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recommendations for Strength Training<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans generated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, adults should do muscle-strengthening activities at least 2 days per week. These activities should be of moderate or greater intensity and involve all of the body\u2019s major muscle groups: legs, hips, back, chest, shoulders, arms, and abdomen. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends including multiple multi-joint exercises that challenge these major muscle groups. Multi-joint exercises are commonly called compound movements; these types of exercises involve movement at more than one joint at a time. The most common multi-joint exercises include the squat, bench or chest press, deadlift, pull-up, and push-up. Single-joint exercises may also be performed, but multi-joint exercises are emphasized because they are effective at increasing overall strength and daily life function. Single-joint exercises, or isolation exercises, focus on movement at one joint only. Common single-joint exercises include a bicep curl, triceps extension, and leg curl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For each exercise, it is recommended that individuals complete 8 to 12 repetitions, which count as 1 set. Research suggests that 1 set is effective, but completing 2 to 3 sets per exercise may result in greater benefits, especially as training experience increases. Each repetition should be performed in a controlled manner with good technique. The last few repetitions should feel challenging, and weight or resistance should be adjusted to keep the exercise difficult while preserving proper form. As your body adapts and grows stronger, it is important to continue challenging the muscles with appropriate resistance to support ongoing progress. It is equally important to allow for rest and recovery in strength training. Between sets, individuals should rest for about 1 to 2 minutes to allow energy stores to replenish and muscles to recover. If an individual plans to train the same muscle groups more than once, training sessions should be separated by a minimum of 48 hours to allow for proper recovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strength Training Considerations for Special Populations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Physical Limitations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training can improve mobility, physical functioning, and performance in activities of daily living. It can help preserve independence, reduce pain, and make it easier to move through life with more confidence. These benefits can assist those with physical limitations throughout day-to-day living. Some special considerations that individuals with physical limitations should be aware of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Intensity and duration of exercise should begin at a lower level. Most strength training exercises require a certain degree of mobility to complete. Start slowly and build mobility, coordination, and confidence over time to reduce risk of injury.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modify exercises to match your ability, and remember that this can look different from day to day. There are numerous progressions and regressions for many strength training exercises, and individuals can adjust their training plan to fit their ability and range of motion. For example, traditional resistance exercises performed standing may not be realistic for individuals with physical limitations. Exercises can be adapted to a seated position, which can be more attainable for those with limited range of motion. Performing strength training activities from a seated position does not diminish their benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Discuss your training plan with your healthcare provider, as adjustments to medication or modifications for exercises may be needed. Talk with your doctor and healthcare team about the amounts and types of activity that are appropriate for you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Older Adults<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Resistance training is one of the most important components of improving daily function and promoting independence for older adults. Strength training has numerous benefits that can improve quality of life in older adults, including improved balance, reduced risk of falling, prevention of age-related loss of skeletal muscle, and more. Older adults may have more hesitations toward physical activity, but research has shown that most people, regardless of age, can safely participate. In fact, for frail individuals, strength training may be helpful before more demanding aerobic exercise. Some special considerations for older adults to consider:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modify exercises to match your ability, and remember that this can look different from day to day. There are numerous progressions and regressions for many strength training exercises, and individuals can adjust their training plan to be feasible for their ability and range of motion. Lower intensities and alternative movements for certain muscle groups may be required, depending on the individual\u2019s ability. Start slowly and build strength over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensure stable footing and balance before performing strength training activities. It can take time for your body to build up the support and awareness needed for good balance. When strength training, make sure you feel stable and supported during each exercise. If you cannot maintain your balance during an exercise and feel like you may fall, stop the exercise and look for a modification that will help you stay balanced. Using a chair or wall for assistance with balance is always a great option.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Discuss your training plan with your healthcare provider, as adjustments to medication or modifications for exercises may be needed. Talk with your doctor and healthcare team about the amounts and types of activity that are appropriate for you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diabetes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training has been shown to decrease visceral fat, reduce HbA1c, decrease blood pressure, and improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Generally, physical activity, including strength training, lowers blood glucose levels, but the amount will vary depending on your body, type of diabetes, and any medications you may take to manage blood glucose levels. These benefits can help prevent and reduce risk factors that contribute to the progression of diabetes and can lower comorbidities associated with diabetes, such as hypertension or heart disease. However, individuals with diabetes should keep in mind special considerations when practicing strength training to ensure they are training safely. These special considerations include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Check blood glucose levels before engaging in physical activity, especially if you take insulin. Physical activity usually lowers blood glucose levels by using extra glucose in the blood. However, people who take medications that lower blood glucose, like insulin, may be at higher risk for low blood sugar during or after exercise. It is recommended that if blood glucose levels are lower than 100 mg\/dL, you may need to eat a small snack with 15 to 30 grams of carbohydrates before exercising to ensure your blood glucose does not fall too low while training. If blood glucose levels are higher than 240 mg\/dL, your blood sugar may be too high to safely engage in physical activity. Check with your doctor to determine the safest blood glucose ranges for your individual body before, during, and after physical activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Always have a treatment for low blood glucose levels handy while exercising. Keeping a source of rapid-acting carbohydrates, such as fruit juice or regular soda, nearby while exercising can help you treat low blood sugar if it occurs during or after training.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wear cotton socks and athletic shoes that are comfortable when strength training. Your shoes should fit properly and not squeeze your feet too tightly or cause blisters. Your shoes should also allow you to remain stable and balanced throughout the exercises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Drink plenty of water during activity to prevent dehydration. Dehydration can cause an increase in blood sugar, so stay hydrated before, during, and after strength training.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After training, check your blood glucose levels again to see how they were impacted. This is a great way to understand how your body reacts to different activities. For those who are new to strength training or have not been active in a while, it is especially helpful to keep track of blood glucose levels before and after activity. This helps you get to know your body better and can help prevent or treat low blood glucose levels if needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After training, check your feet and entire body for sores, blisters, irritations, cuts, or other injuries. If injuries are present and do not heal within 2 days, call your healthcare provider. A slow-healing cut or sore could become more serious for someone with diabetes if left untreated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Discuss your training plan with your healthcare provider, as adjustments to medication or modifications for exercises may be needed. Talk with your doctor and healthcare team about the amounts and types of activity that are appropriate for you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Strength training not only strengthens the muscles throughout the body but also helps support heart and cardiovascular health. Strength training has been shown to decrease blood pressure and cardiovascular demands during exercise, and it may also lower overall cardiovascular risk. While these benefits can be achieved, individuals with hypertension should consider these recommendations to safely strength train:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proceed with caution with movements involving lifting very heavy weights, including heavy furniture, boxes, and similar loads outside the gym. Effort that is sudden and intense can cause blood pressure to spike, especially if a person holds their breath while exerting force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Breathe steadily as you engage in strength training. Try your best to match each movement with your breath. For example, exhale while you lift, push, or pull, and inhale while you lower or return to the starting position. It may be helpful to count out loud while you lift and lower as a reminder to breathe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Begin at a lower resistance, progress slowly, and maintain low to moderate intensity. It can take time for your body and heart to adapt to the physical stress brought on by strength training. Take it slowly and allow your heart time to work, recover, and adapt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Discuss your training plans with your healthcare provider, as adjustments to medication or modifications for exercises may be needed. It is important to know how you may need to adjust your activity depending on the medications you take. Your doctor may also recommend modifications if you have cardiovascular complications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Getting Started with Strength Training<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>It might be intimidating to begin incorporating strength training into your exercise routine. Whether you have exercised your whole life or are starting physical activity for the first time, you might not know how to get started or what types of exercises to do. Below, we have listed some tips for getting started with strength training so you can feel confident beginning your fitness journey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Start slowly and stay consistent over time. Your muscles need time to adjust to the new demands they are experiencing. It is better to start with lower-intensity workouts and gradually progress over time. Exercises performed by someone just beginning their training will not look the same as exercises performed by someone who has been training for a long time, and that is okay. You should also prioritize consistency over intensity with your strength training. In other words, it is better for your body to strength train at a lower level consistently than at a higher level inconsistently. Staying consistent on a weekly basis will lead to greater long-term benefits and success with your training goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Warm up before and cool down after each training session. A strength training warm-up should include light exercises that use the same muscle groups targeted in your training plan. This ensures that the muscles you will use are adequately prepared for the upcoming activity. For example, if you plan to do a lower-body strength training session focused on the glutes, hips, hamstrings, and calves, your warm-up should include light exercises that engage each of these muscle groups. You may choose to perform the same exercises in your training plan at their lightest intensity for your warm-up, too. A proper warm-up should include dynamic movement or constant activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A strength training cool-down is designed to lower your heart rate and blood pressure as you return to your day, relax and stretch the muscles you contracted through training, and help prevent injury. Static movements should be emphasized in a cool-down; static movement involves holding a stretch for 15 to 30 seconds and breathing deeply. You should target the same muscle groups used during training in your cool-down as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Use proper form and technique and focus on controlled movement patterns. It is important to ensure that you are performing each exercise with correct form before adding more weight. If you add too much weight too early, your form is more likely to suffer, and this can increase the risk of injury. Try your best to use purposeful, controlled movements that help you establish a mind-body connection to the muscles you are strengthening. Do not swing weights or use momentum to lift the weights; this helps ensure that your muscles are being properly trained and reduces unnecessary injury risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Listen to your body. Your body, energy levels, and thought patterns may change from day to day. This means that strength training exercises that felt appropriate in the past may not feel appropriate in the present. Do a quick body scan and self-assessment before, during, and after activity. The ability to listen to your mind and body can be useful in helping you perform your exercises more efficiently, without pain or injury, and even see better results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, you may or may not feel properly energized for your planned workout. Low energy levels may be your cue to eat a nourishing snack packed with high-quality carbohydrates, such as fruit, to regain your energy and successfully complete the workout. Another example would be paying attention to any aches or pains during your warm-up; these sensations may be the result of muscle stiffness or your body\u2019s attempt to signal the onset of injury. Your warm-up may need to be extended, or a section of the workout may need to be skipped or replaced depending on how the area feels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stop immediately whatever you are doing if you feel sharp, shooting, or stabbing pain, then take a few deep breaths and reassess whether you should continue the workout. Sharp pain is not a normal physiological response and may mean the body is signaling that something is wrong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Options for equipment include body weight, free weights or dumbbells, machines with weights or cables, resistance bands, medicine balls, and more. No one option is better than the other. The most important thing is to challenge your muscles to do more work than they normally would.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Programs to Support Your Physical Activity<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>The Clemson Extension Rural Health and Nutrition Team offers free, evidence-based physical activity programs designed to meet participants where they are and provide support every step of the way. Whether you want to build a walking routine with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/clemson.ca1.qualtrics.com\/jfe\/form\/SV_72O40TNfAUmwtZc\"><strong><em>WalkSC<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, create a balanced movement plan through&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/clemson.ca1.qualtrics.com\/jfe\/form\/SV_5ALzjWFzKmXRlMW\"><strong><em>MoveSC<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, improve strength and function with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/practical-strength-tickets-1555438972839\"><strong><em>Practical Strength<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, or explore gentle, accessible movement through&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/yoga-for-every-body-tickets-1428088052809\"><strong><em>Yoga for Every Body<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, our programs provide structured guidance, education, and ongoing support from trained fitness and health coaches. Designed for beginners and experienced movers alike, these programs focus on building confidence, consistency, and realistic habits that support long-term health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Learn more about our physical activity programs and additional resources by visiting our&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.clemson.edu\/extension\/health\/\"><strong>website<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;or contacting the Rural Health and Nutrition Team at healthextension@clemson.edu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information on safe and effective physical activity, review our fact sheet on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/cardiovascular-training\/\">Cardiovascular Training<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>American College of Sports Medicine. (2026). <em>ACSM publishes updated resistance training guidelines<\/em>. ACSM. https:\/\/www.acsm.org\/resistance-training-guidelines-update-2026\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>American Heart Association. (2024). <em>Getting active to control high blood pressure<\/em>. https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/high-blood-pressure\/changes-you-can-make-to-manage-high-blood-pressure\/getting-active-to-control-high-blood-pressure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>American Heart Association. (2024). <em>Strength and resistance training exercise<\/em>. https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/healthy-living\/fitness\/fitness-basics\/strength-and-resistance-training-exercise<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, December 20). <em>Adult activity: An overview<\/em>. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/physical-activity-basics\/guidelines\/adults.html<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025, December 4). <em>Older adult activity: An overview<\/em>. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/physical-activity-basics\/guidelines\/older-adults.html<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Colberg, S. R., Sigal, R. J., Fernhall, B., Regensteiner, J. G., Blissmer, B. J., Rubin, R. R., Chasan-Taber, L., Albright, A. L., &amp; Braun, B. (2016). Exercise and type 2 diabetes: The American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: Joint position statement. <em>Diabetes Care, 39<\/em>(11), 2065\u20132079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc16-1728<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. (2025). <em>Exercise for your bone health<\/em>. https:\/\/www.niams.nih.gov\/health-topics\/exercise-your-bone-health<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>National Institute on Aging. (2021). <em>How can strength training build healthier bodies as we age?<\/em> https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/news\/how-can-strength-training-build-healthier-bodies-we-age<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2018). <em>Physical activity guidelines for Americans<\/em> (2nd ed.). https:\/\/health.gov\/paguidelines\/second-edition\/pdf\/Physical_Activity_Guidelines_2nd_edition.pdf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>American Heart Association. (2023). <em>Resistance exercise training in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease: 2023 update: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association<\/em>. https:\/\/professional.heart.org\/en\/guidelines-statements\/resistance-exercise-training-in-individuals-with-and-without-cardiovascularcir0000000000001189<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Camden Bryan, Rural Health and Nutrition, Statewide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellie Lane, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed By:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Michelle Altman, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Strength training is not limited to lifting weights. There are many ways to apply resistance against your muscles, including using bodyweight and other types of fitness equipment such as bands, kettlebells, and medicine balls. Working against your own bodyweight is a great strength training option for beginners or those who have not been physically active [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3907,"featured_media":334,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10351,105058,105347,10352],"tags":[105178,105267,105036,105010,105357,105037,105355,105356,105009,105354,105349],"coauthors":[105057],"class_list":["post-333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-physical-activity","category-practical-strength-physical-activity","category-wellness","tag-camden-bryan","tag-ellie-lane","tag-exercise","tag-health","tag-muscle","tag-physical-activity","tag-resistance-exercises","tag-resistance-training","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-strength","tag-strength-training"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Plank-Pose-150x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3907"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=333"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=333"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":331,"date":"2026-04-30T23:22:41","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T23:22:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=331"},"modified":"2026-05-05T22:04:34","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T22:04:34","slug":"nutrition-to-support-physical-activity-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/nutrition-to-support-physical-activity-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Nutrition to Support Physical Activity"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Healthy-living-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-332\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Healthy-living-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Healthy-living-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Healthy-living-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Healthy-living-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Healthy-living-1.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The way you eat affects how your body feels during physical activity, how well you recover afterwards, and how your body adapts over time. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why is Nutrition Important?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Nutrition plays a crucial role in supporting physical activity by providing the necessary energy and nutrients for muscle repair, growth, and overall performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With proper nutrition, it can be easier to reach your desired goals with physical activity and ensure the long-term sustainability of your plan. The following highlights essential nutrients needed to achieve maximum health benefits and results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the three main Macronutrients?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the three main macronutrients necessary for proper human functioning. Each nutrient plays a specific role in supporting physical activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Carbohydrates \u2013 4 calories per gram<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proteins \u2013 4 calories per gram<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fats \u2013 9 calories per gram<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Protein<strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Protein is a key nutrient for physical activity because it plays a vital role in muscle repair and growth. During exercise, especially strength building exercises, muscle fibers experience stress and break down. The body then uses protein to repair these fibers, leading to muscle growth. This process of damage and repair allows muscles to become bigger and stronger as they adapt to the demands placed on them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While strength training, it is recommended to consume about 0.5 to 0.8 grams of protein per pound of body weight each day. This amount may vary based on your activity level and fitness goals and more protein may be needed with greater quantity and intensity of strength training activities. Adequate protein intake ensures your body has the necessary building blocks to repair and grow muscle fibers. Healthy sources of protein include lean meats, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, legumes, tofu, and protein supplements like whey or pea protein powder. Since proteins make up 80% of skeletal muscle, increasing your protein intake can support greater muscle gains during any type of physical activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Amino Acids<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When shopping for protein powders, you may see the term \u201camino acids\u201d on labels. Amino acids are essential compounds that serve as the building blocks of protein. They are important for muscle growth, immune system support, and the production of enzymes and proteins. Amino acids are classified into two groups: essential and non-essential. Essential amino acids cannot be made by the body and must be obtained through the diet, while non-essential amino acids can be produced by the body. There are twenty different amino acids that help the body grow and function properly, but only nine are considered essential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A complete protein source contains all nine essential amino acids, whereas an incomplete protein lacks one or more of them. You can combine plant-based protein sources to create a more complete protein. For example, eating brown rice with beans or whole wheat toast with peanut butter can provide a full amino acid profile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Complete Protein:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Poultry<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Beef<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eggs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tofu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Edamame<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Incomplete Protein: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Legumes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nuts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seeds<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Whole Grains<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vegetables&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Protein Powder<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Protein powders are among the most common nutritional products marketed for physical activity. These powders, derived from sources like dairy (whey) or plant-based ingredients (pea or soy), allow individuals to consume a higher amount of protein without needing to eat large quantities of solid food.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Protein powders can help you meet your protein goals for building strength. They provide a convenient way to increase protein intake without excessive consumption of meals that may be high in lactose, sodium, fats, and sugars. However, many protein powders contain added sugars, which can increase your overall calorie intake. When choosing a protein powder, consider how it fits into your overall health goal. For those who are lactose intolerant or vegan, plant-based powders may be a better option. Protein powders can also be added to recipes, such as pancakes or oatmeal, to boost protein levels and create a more balanced meal, especially since these foods are generally higher in carbohydrates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are various types of protein powders available. Whey protein is made from whey, a liquid byproduct of cheese production. This powder is a complete protein, containing all nine essential amino acids needed for strength training. Plant-based protein powders are made by grinding plant sources, such as peas or soybeans, into a fine powder, similar to flour. Depending on the source, these powders may or may not provide a complete protein profile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to note that protein powders typically contain only protein, so your diet should still include a variety of nutrients from fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fats, and carbohydrates. Therefore, protein powders should be viewed as supplements to your meals, rather than meal replacements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Carbohydrates<strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Carbohydrates are the body\u2019s primary source of energy, providing the fuel needed for workouts. They are made up of sugars, like glucose. When you consume carbohydrates, they are broken down during digestion and either used immediately for energy or converted into glycogen, which is stored in our liver and muscles and serves as a key energy source. Complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains, vegetables, and legumes, release energy gradually, supporting sustained activity, and simple carbohydrates can help give you an extra energy boost before a workout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Without adequate carbohydrate intake, the body will not have the available energy needed to exercise with optimal performance and will instead leave you feeling sluggish and make the workout feel harder. Proper timing of carbohydrate intake can especially enhance performance and recovery, which will be discussed in more detail later. It is recommended to have 45-65% of calories per day come from carbohydrates. Specifically complex carbohydrates, like whole-grain, fiber-rich foods, are great sources to incorporate as a part of a balanced plate. Limiting starchy foods, like potatoes, green peas, lima beans and rice can help with blood sugar regulation. More fiber-rich foods, like broccoli or whole-grain bread or pasta, also help with satiety so you feel full longer and regulate blood sugar better throughout the day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Simple vs. Complex Carbohydrates<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Simple carbohydrates<strong>,<\/strong> also known as monosaccharides and disaccharides, are the simplest form of carbohydrates. Examples include some fruits, table sugar, desserts, white bread, and many processed foods. As the sugar in the blood rises due to the consumption of foods with simple carbohydrates, insulin is produced by the pancreas to balance those high levels. Insulin is a hormone that signals for cells to increase uptake of the sugar and remove it from the blood. Since these sugars are readily available, they provide quick bursts of energy. Simple carbohydrates are easily digestible once consumed, which often leads to rapid spikes in blood sugar levels. Due to this, these are better eaten in moderation or to be paired with a lean protein source to lessen their blood sugar effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Simple carbs are best eaten before high-intensity, short duration physical activities, such as sprints, high intensity training (or HIT workouts), or high intensity strength training sessions. Mid-workout, simple carbs can also be beneficial if the activity is lasting longer than 60 minutes to quickly replenish energy stores. After exercise, consuming simple carbs soon can also help restore muscle and liver glycogen stores helping you recover more quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Complex carbohydrates, or polysaccharides, are larger molecules that take longer to digest, providing long-lasting energy. They also contain beneficial nutrients like fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Examples include brown rice, oats, beans, and potatoes. Consuming complex carbohydrates before a workout can enhance performance by providing sustained energy. For instance, brown rice is preferable to white rice because it is made up of complex carbohydrates that offer greater nutritional benefits and longer-lasting energy. It has a higher fiber content, which allows it is to be more satiating and helps individuals to feel full longer. Complex carbohydrates also tend to be less processed, which allows for them to contain more vitamins and minerals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Complex carbs are best incorporated into your overall healthy eating plan and can be beneficial if eaten 2-3 hours before long or endurance-based activities such as running, cycling, swimming, or anything lasting longer than 60 minutes. After exercise, continuing to incorporate complex carbs in your meals and snacks will help maintain glycogen stores and help your body recover and feel replenished.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Healthy Fats<strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fat intake is essential for the body to absorb vitamins and maintain hormonal balance. Consuming healthy fats aids in the breakdown of fat-soluble vitamins and can help raise hormone levels that influence muscle growth, such as growth hormone, which stimulates the production of amino acids to aid in muscle building and repair. Healthy fats also work in the production of leptin, a hormone that regulates your appetite. Increased leptin production helps the brain signal to the body a feeling of fullness and satiety. Good sources of healthy fats include seeds, salmon, avocado, and some vegetable oils. These healthy fats can also increase levels of HDL, the &#8220;good&#8221; cholesterol. While our main source of energy during physical activity comes from carbohydrates, fats can help provide us with needed energy. This usually only occurs during prolonged endurance events lasting more than one 1-2 hours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The average individual needs 20-35% of their calories to come from fat (primarily healthy fats) to support proper functioning. Examples of how many grams of total fat this would equal for someone consuming 1,500, 2000, and 2,500 calories per day are provided below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grams Needed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1,500 calories: 33-58 grams of fat per day<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2,000 calories: 44-78 grams of fat per day<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2,500 calories: 56-97 grams of fat per day<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hydration<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Adequate fluid intake is crucial during any physical activity. Drinking water not only replaces fluids lost through sweat but also helps deliver nutrients to your cells, providing energy. Additionally, staying hydrated during exercise lubricates joints and helps regulate body temperature. It is important to hydrate during every season. In the summer, sweat, warm body temperature, and exhaustion can be signs to take a break and drink some water. However, it can be difficult to recognize signs of dehydration in the winter. Sweat is less prominent in cold temperatures and thinking about drinking water can easily be forgotten. The air in the winter weather also pulls out a lot of water, so breathing in and out can remove fluid from the body and lead to dehydration.&nbsp;&nbsp; Adding lemon and ginger to warm water is a great way to have a warm drink that feels good in the cold weather but also helps to stay hydrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sports and Energy Drinks<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After a challenging workout, it is important to replenish your body with the necessary nutrients. While many sports drinks are marketed for hydration and replenishment, they are not always the healthiest option. If you choose to drink a sports beverage, be aware that they often contain high levels of sugar, which can add extra calories and cause blood sugar spikes, particularly for those with diabetes. For exercise lasting less than an hour, water is generally the recommended choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sports drinks and energy drinks are different products both aimed at athletes or active individuals. Most energy drinks are not regulated by the FDA and can be high in added sugars and caffeine. Healthier alternatives for boosting energy include black or green teas and coffee, or you might opt for healthy snacks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Supplements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pre-workout supplements, often sold as powders to be mixed with water, are another popular product. These supplements are designed to increase energy levels before workouts. While caffeine is generally safe in moderation, some pre-workout brands contain very high amounts of caffeine per serving. It\u2019s advisable to check the label to ensure that the pre-workout contains a safe level of caffeine\u2014typically 200 mg or less is recommended\u2014keeping in mind any additional caffeine sources you may consume throughout the day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Electrolytes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>By incorporating a diet with a variety of fruits and vegetables, most individuals will get enough electrolytes through the foods in their diet. For light to moderate activity, extra electrolytes may not be necessary; and water and healthier snacks may be enough to refuel and hydrate.&nbsp; Eating foods with moderate amounts of sodium, potassium, magnesium and chloride can incorporate electrolytes back into the body and replenish what is lost through sweat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Timing and Distribution<strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Consistently spacing out meals throughout the day is important for maintaining stable blood sugar and energy levels, especially as exercise burns calories. Each meal should include a balance of protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats. Proper meal timing, aligned with your activity plan, can enhance performance during workouts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aim to eat a balanced meal 3-4 hours before exercising, focusing on complex carbohydrates, lean protein, and healthy fats. Consuming an additional source of complex carbohydrates two hours prior to your workout can provide extra energy if it has been a while since your last meal. Additionally, eating a simple carbohydrate source right before exercising can help boost energy levels, as these carbohydrates digest quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After your workout, a meal rich in protein will support muscle growth and repair, while carbohydrates will help replenish energy stores, promoting recovery. Use these guidelines to effectively plan your meals and snacks to maximize your strength-training workouts and recovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Healthy and Balanced Pre-Workout Snacks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Carbohydrates: 30-60 grams of carbohydrates in pre-workout meals and 15-20 grams in pre-workout snacks can provide the energy needed for your workout. Good sources of healthy carbohydrates for your pre-workout snacks would include fruits and whole grains like toast or granola. Incorporating vegetables into a pre-workout snack would not be advised as vegetables typically contain higher levels of fiber which would impact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Fruit<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Portion<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Grams of Carbs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Banana<\/td><td>1 medium banana<\/td><td>27 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Apple<\/td><td>1 medium apple<\/td><td>25 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Berries<\/td><td>1 cup of blueberries<\/td><td>21 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Orange<\/td><td>1 medium orange<\/td><td>15 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Grapes<\/td><td>\u00be cup<\/td><td>23 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Watermelon<\/td><td>2 cups<\/td><td>21 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Whole Grains<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Portion<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Grams of Carbs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Oats<\/td><td>1 cup cooked<\/td><td>27 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Brown rice<\/td><td>1 cup cooked<\/td><td>45 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Quinoa<\/td><td>1 cup cooked<\/td><td>39 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Whole grain bread<\/td><td>2 slices<\/td><td>30-40 grams<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Protein: Aim for around 15-20 grams of protein for snacks. Healthy options proteins can include Greek yogurt, a protein shake, eggs, or other plant sources like chickpeas or peanut butter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Animal Sources<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Portion<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Grams of Protein<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chicken Breast<\/td><td>\u00be oz cooked<\/td><td>25-30 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Turkey Breast<\/td><td>\u00be ounces cooked<\/td><td>25 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Eggs<\/td><td>about 3 large eggs<\/td><td>18 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Greek Yogurt<\/td><td>1 cup<\/td><td>20 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cottage Cheese<\/td><td>1 cup low-fat<\/td><td>25 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Plant-Based Sources<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Portion<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Grams of Protein<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tofu<\/td><td>3-4 ounces<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lentils<\/td><td>3 ounces<\/td><td>20 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chickpeas<\/td><td>1 cup cooked<\/td><td>15 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Peanut Butter<\/td><td>3 tablespoons<\/td><td>12-15 grams<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Healthy fats: It is often recommended to focus on the type of fat consumed. Try to incorporate more unsaturated fats, like avocado, olive oil, walnuts, and fatty fish, and limit consumption of saturated fat, like margarine, canola oil, and palm oil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Healthy Fats<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Portion<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Grams of Fat (Unsaturated)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Avocado<\/td><td>2 tablespoons<\/td><td>5 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Extra virgin olive oil<\/td><td>1 teaspoon<\/td><td>5 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Salmon<\/td><td>3 ounces<\/td><td>7 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tuna<\/td><td>3 ounces<\/td><td>3 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Edamame<\/td><td>\u00bd cup<\/td><td>8 grams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tofu<\/td><td>1 \u00bd cups<\/td><td>15 grams<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>To create a balanced and nutritious post-workout snack, aim to include these three main macronutrients. Below is a list of post-workout snacks and light meals that include these essential nutrients to fuel and strengthen your body in recovery.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Low-fat Greek yogurt with berries &amp; granola<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Whole grain toast with nut butter &amp; \u00bd of a sliced banana&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sliced turkey sandwich on whole grain bread with a side of carrots &amp; hummus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fruit smoothie using your choice of fruit &amp; low-fat milk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Whole-grain bagel topped with hummus, 1 sliced hard-boiled egg, &amp; everything bagel seasoning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scrambled eggs with a piece of whole grain toast and a side of orange slices<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avocado toast using 1 slice of whole grain toast topped with \u00bd avocado and sprinkled with everything bagel seasoning or salt\/pepper\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Add a scrambled or poached egg to include extra protein<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>In conclusion, nutrition is essential in supporting physical activity. Adequate nutrients ensure your muscles have enough energy to grow and repair. Meal planning, hydration, and consistent well-balanced meals can help you reach maximum health and desired results. Pay attention to your body\u2019s needs and responses to different foods. Adjust mealtimes as necessary according to your own hunger, energy levels, and workouts. Every individual\u2019s needs can look different, so do not be afraid to consult a healthcare professional for more personalized guidance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Carbohydrates<\/em>. (2025). American Heart Association. https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/healthy-living\/healthy-eating\/eat-smart\/nutrition-basics\/carbohydrates<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cleveland Clinic. (2024a, August 13). <em>What\u2019s a complete protein and should you care?<\/em> https:\/\/health.clevelandclinic.org\/do-i-need-to-worry-about-eating-complete-proteins<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cleveland Clinic. (2024, September 12). <em>Is pre-workout powder safe? does it work?<\/em> https:\/\/health.clevelandclinic.org\/does-taking-a-pre-workout-actually-work<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Egg and Avocado Toasts | American Diabetes Association. (2017, November 10). https:\/\/diabetesfoodhub.org\/recipes\/egg-and-avocado-toasts#recipe-steps-section<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Bannuru, R. R., Beverly, E. A., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Darville, A., Ekhlaspour, L., Hassanein, M., Hilliard, M. E., Johnson, E. L., Khunti, K., Lingvay, I., Matfin, G., McCoy, R. G., Perry, M. L., Pilla, S. J., Polsky, S., Prahalad, P., . . . Gabbay, R. A. (2023). 5. Facilitating positive health behaviors and well-being to improve health outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes\u20142024. Diabetes Care, 47(Supplement_1), S77\u2013S110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc24-s005<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Facsm, H. S. M. C. (n.d.). Here\u2019s what to eat before and after a workout. Hospital for Special Surgery. <em>https:\/\/www.hss.edu\/article_eat-before-after-workout.asp<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (2025, January 14). <em>Carbohydrates and blood sugar &#8211; the nutrition source<\/em>. The Nutrition Source. https:\/\/nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu\/carbohydrates\/carbohydrates-and-blood-sugar\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ironwood Cancer &amp; Research Centers. (2022, January 19). COMPLETING YOUR PLANT PROTEINS &#8211; Ironwood Cancer &amp; Research Centers. Ironwood Cancer &amp; Research Centers -. https:\/\/www.ironwoodcrc.com\/completing-your-plant-proteins\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ISSA. (2021, June 25). <em>How to choose good fats for building muscle<\/em>. ISSA. https:\/\/www.issaonline.com\/blog\/post\/how-to-choose-good-fats-for-building-muscle<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Libretexts. (2021, September 17). <em>10.4: Structure and function &#8211; amino acids<\/em>. Chemistry LibreTexts. https:\/\/chem.libretexts.org\/Courses\/Fullerton_College\/Introductory_Biochemistry\/10%3A_Amino_Acids_Proteins_and_Enzymes\/10.04%3A_Structure_and_Function_-_Amino_Acids<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mayer, B. A. (2024, January 16). <em>How much protein A day do you need to build muscle?<\/em>. Healthline. https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/how-much-protein-per-day-build-muscle<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Michigan Medicine. (2019). <em>Adult Diabetes Education Program Carbohydrate food list<\/em>. https:\/\/www.med.umich.edu\/1libr\/MEND\/CarbList.pdf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MUSC Health. (2024, July 30). <em>Hydration for Athletes with Alaine Mills, MS, RD, LD<\/em> [Video]. YouTube. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-jC9Y6DDgqI<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Program, H. F. (2017, December 13). <em>Raw Fruits Poster (Text Version \/ Accessible Version)<\/em>. U.S. Food And Drug Administration. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/nutrition-food-labeling-and-critical-foods\/raw-fruits-poster-text-version-accessible-version<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reynolds, A., &amp; Mitri, J. (2025). <em>Comprehensive Free Endocrinology Book: Dietary advice for individuals with diabetes<\/em>. MDText.com. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK279012\/ (Original work published 2000)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shelton, S. (2024, July 5). <em>Water vs. sports drinks: What\u2019s better for hydrating in the heat?<\/em> Flourish. https:\/\/blog.prismahealth.org\/water-vs-sports-drinks-whats-better-for-hydrating-in-the-heat\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>15 Sources of healthy fats and their sources<\/em>. (n.d.). Teladoc Health. https:\/\/library.teladochealth.com\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/360044267373-15-Tasty-Sources-of-Healthy-Fats-and-Their-Best-Portions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uk, D. (n.d.). Healthy food swaps: snacks. Diabetes UK. https:\/\/www.diabetes.org.uk\/living-with-diabetes\/eating\/healthy-swaps\/healthy-swaps-snacks#Nuts%20and%20seeds<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Water vs. sports drinks: What\u2019s best for our bodies<\/em>. UnityPoint Health. (n.d.). https:\/\/www.unitypoint.org\/news-and-articles\/water-vs-sports-drinks-whats-best-for-our-bodies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>What you need to know about pre-workout supplements<\/em>. Texas Health Resources. (n.d.). https:\/\/www.texashealth.org\/areyouawellbeing\/Staying-Fit\/What-You-Need-to-Know-About-Pre-Workout-Supplements<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>What is Fat | ADA. (n.d.).<\/em> https:\/\/diabetes.org\/food-nutrition\/reading-food-labels\/fats<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Whey protein vs plant based protein<\/em>. (2023, August 1). Integris Health. https:\/\/integrishealth.org\/resources\/on-your-health\/2023\/august\/whey-protein<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Author:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Camden Bryan, Rural Health and Nutrition, Statewide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellie Lane, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed by:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hannah Wilson, PhD, RDN, LD, FAND, Assistant Professor, Community Nutrition, Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Michelle Altman, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The way you eat affects how your body feels during physical activity, how well you recover afterwards, and how your body adapts over time. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank Why is Nutrition Important? Nutrition plays a crucial role in supporting physical activity by providing the necessary energy and nutrients for muscle repair, growth, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3907,"featured_media":332,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10351,105021,105058,10352],"tags":[105178,105088,105267,105339,105036,105332,105323,105340,105333,105142,105010,105069,105337,105338,105091,105334,105024,105331,105037,105336,105319,105318,105335,105317,105089,105009],"coauthors":[105057],"class_list":["post-331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-nutrition","category-physical-activity","category-wellness","tag-camden-bryan","tag-carbohydrates","tag-ellie-lane","tag-energy","tag-exercise","tag-exercise-and-nutrition","tag-fats","tag-fitness","tag-fueling-your-workout","tag-hannah-wilson","tag-health","tag-hydration","tag-hydration-for-exercise","tag-hydration-for-physical-activity","tag-macronutrients","tag-muscle-recovery","tag-nutrition","tag-nutrition-for-physical-activity","tag-physical-activity","tag-post-workout-nutrition","tag-post-workout-snacks","tag-pre-workout-meals","tag-pre-workout-nutrition","tag-pre-workout-snacks","tag-protein","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Healthy-living-1-150x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3907"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/331\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/332"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=331"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":326,"date":"2026-04-30T22:27:56","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T22:27:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=326"},"modified":"2026-05-05T19:13:18","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T19:13:18","slug":"nutrition-to-support-physical-activity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/nutrition-to-support-physical-activity\/","title":{"rendered":"Fueling Your Body for Physical Activity"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Blueberries_Yogurt-1-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Blueberries_Yogurt-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Blueberries_Yogurt-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Blueberries_Yogurt-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Blueberries_Yogurt-1-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Blueberries_Yogurt-1-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Fruit (carbohydrates) with yogurt (protein and carbohydrates) is a great snack choice to support energy levels before physical activity. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When people begin increasing their physical activity, whether through walking more regularly, participating in group fitness classes, or squeezing movement breaks into their day, questions about nutrition often follow. \u201cWhat should I be eating to support this activity?&#8221; This is an important question because physical activity and nutrition are closely connected. The way you eat affects how your body feels during activity, how well you recover afterward, and how your body adapts over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While nutrition can seem complex, the fundamentals are straightforward. Supporting physical activity does not require perfection or rigid rules, but it does benefit from consistency and intentional choices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Nutrition Matters Alongside Physical Activity<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Physical activity places increased demands on the body. Every time you move, your body uses energy and creates small amounts of stress in muscle tissue. This process is what leads to improved strength and endurance over time. However, for the body to adapt in a positive way, it must have the nutrients needed to support that process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In response to physical activity, the body works to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Maintain or build muscle mass<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Repair muscle tissue after activity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Restore energy that was used<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support immune function and overall health<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Adequate nutrition plays a central role in each of these processes. Without enough energy or nutrients, the body has fewer resources available to recover and adapt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, when energy intake is too low, the body may:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Break down muscle instead of building it<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Take longer to recover<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lead to increased fatigue during activity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Research shows that sufficient energy and nutrient intake, particularly from carbohydrates and protein, supports muscle maintenance, recovery, and overall physical function. In simple terms, physical activity creates the stimulus for change, and nutrition provides the support that allows that change to happen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Understanding the Role of Macronutrients<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A helpful starting point is understanding macronutrients, which include carbohydrates, protein, and fats. These are nutrients your body needs in larger amounts each day. Each one plays a different role in supporting physical activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Carbohydrates: Primary Energy Source<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Carbohydrates are the body\u2019s main source of energy during most types of activity. After carbohydrates are eaten, they are broken down into glucose. Glucose enters the bloodstream, and this is referred to as blood glucose. Blood glucose is used by your muscles and brain as a primary source of energy during movement. When blood glucose levels are stable, energy levels are more consistent. When levels drop too low, you may feel tired, weak, or have difficulty continuing activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples of carbohydrate sources include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fruits such as bananas, apples, and berries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Whole grains such as oats, brown rice, and quinoa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Starchy vegetables such as potatoes and corn<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Beans and lentils<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Protein: Muscle Maintenance and Repair<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Protein plays a key role in repairing and rebuilding muscle tissue. During activity, especially strength training, small amounts of muscle tissue are broken down. Protein provides the building blocks needed to repair that tissue and make it stronger over time. Regular protein intake helps maintain muscle mass, support recovery, and improve strength over time. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples of protein sources include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lean meats such as chicken and turkey<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fish and seafood<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eggs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dairy products such as milk and yogurt, or fortified alternatives<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plant based sources such as beans, lentils, tofu, and nuts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fats: Supporting Overall Health<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Fats provide a source of energy and support important functions in the body, including hormone production and nutrient absorption. They are especially important for overall health and can contribute to energy needs during longer or lower intensity activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples of healthy fat sources include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nuts and seeds<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avocados<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Olive oil and other plant oils<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fatty fish such as salmon<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A balanced intake of carbohydrates, protein, and fats helps support both activity and overall health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Meal Timing to Support Physical Activity<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>When you eat can influence how you feel during activity and how well your body recovers afterward. While exact timing does not need to be strict, having a general structure can be helpful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Eating Before Physical Activity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Meals<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Eating before activity helps prepare your body by providing energy for movement. When time allows, typically one to three hours before activity, a balanced meal that includes carbohydrates, protein, and some fat can support both immediate and sustained energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples may include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yogurt with fruit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Toast with peanut butter and banana<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A quinoa based bowl with lean protein<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If eating closer to activity, smaller portions and simpler foods are often better tolerated. Foods lower in fat and fiber may help reduce discomfort during movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Snacks<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If a full meal is not practical, a small snack can still provide enough energy to support activity. Carbohydrates are the primary focus because they are quickly digested and available for immediate use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fruit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Crackers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A granola bar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Limiting fat, fiber, and protein may help reduce the likelihood of stomach discomfort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Eating After Physical Activity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>After activity, the body enters a recovery phase. During this time, it works to restore energy and repair muscle tissue. Including both carbohydrates and protein supports this process. Carbohydrates help replenish stored energy, while protein supports muscle repair.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Chicken with rice and vegetables<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eggs with toast and fruit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A smoothie containing fruit and a protein source<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For most people, eating within a few hours after activity is sufficient to support recovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hydration to Support Physical Activity<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Hydration plays an important role in how the body performs and recovers during physical activity. Water supports circulation, temperature regulation, and muscle function. During activity, fluids are lost through sweat and need to be replaced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hydration During Activity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A practical guideline is to consume several gulps of water every fifteen to twenty minutes during activity. Even mild dehydration can lead to increased fatigue, reduced physical performance, and a greater sense of effort during movement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hydration After Activity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Replacing fluids after activity is also important, particularly when sweating has occurred. A general recommendation is to consume approximately twenty to twenty four ounces of fluid for every pound of body weight lost during activity. In practice, this means continuing to drink water after activity and paying attention to thirst throughout the day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Physical activity and nutrition work together to keep you moving and feeling your best. Activity creates the opportunity for the body to become stronger, and nutrition provides the resources needed to support that process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key strategies include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Eating consistently throughout the day<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Including carbohydrates, protein, and fats<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fueling before activity when needed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Staying hydrated<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supporting recovery with nutrition after activity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These habits can help people feel more prepared for activity, recover more effectively, and continue making progress over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>American College of Sports Medicine. (2026). <em>ACSM\u2019s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription<\/em> <em>(12<sup>th<\/sup> ed.)<\/em>. Wolters Kluwer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jager, R., Kerksick, C., Campbell, B., et al. (2017). <em>International society of sports nutrition position stand: protein and exercise. <\/em>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14(20). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12970-017-0177-8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sawka, M., Burke, L., Eichner, E., et al. (2007). <em>Exercise and fluid replacement. <\/em>American College of Sports Medicine. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(2), 377-390. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17277604\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thomas, D., Erdman, K., &amp; Burke, L. (2016). <em>Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics, dieticians of canada, and the American college of sports medicine: nutrition and athletic performance. <\/em>Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 116(3), 501-528. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jand.2015.12.006<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2025). <em>Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2025-2030. https:\/\/cdn.realfood.gov\/DGA.pdf<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Author<\/strong>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Camden Bryan, Rural Health and Nutrition, Statewide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellie Lane, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed By:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melissa Bales, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Michelle Altman, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fruit (carbohydrates) with yogurt (protein and carbohydrates) is a great snack choice to support energy levels before physical activity. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank When people begin increasing their physical activity, whether through walking more regularly, participating in group fitness classes, or squeezing movement breaks into their day, questions about nutrition often follow. \u201cWhat [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3907,"featured_media":329,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10351,105021,105058,10352],"tags":[105178,105088,105267,105326,105323,105325,105010,105324,105328,105327,105069,105322,105329,105091,105330,105024,105037,105320,105319,105318,105317,105089,105009,105191],"coauthors":[105057],"class_list":["post-326","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-nutrition","category-physical-activity","category-wellness","tag-camden-bryan","tag-carbohydrates","tag-ellie-lane","tag-exercise-fuel","tag-fats","tag-fitness-nutrition","tag-health","tag-healthy-eating-for-exercise","tag-healthy-meal-ideas","tag-healthy-snack-ideas","tag-hydration","tag-hydration-and-exercise","tag-hydration-and-physical-activity","tag-macronutrients","tag-meals","tag-nutrition","tag-physical-activity","tag-post-workout-meals","tag-post-workout-snacks","tag-pre-workout-meals","tag-pre-workout-snacks","tag-protein","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-snacks"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/Blueberries_Yogurt-1-150x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/326","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3907"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=326"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/326\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/329"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=326"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":290,"date":"2026-04-07T20:44:56","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T20:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=290"},"modified":"2026-04-07T20:44:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T20:44:56","slug":"ask-a-clc-blog-infant-feeding-and-sleep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/ask-a-clc-blog-infant-feeding-and-sleep\/","title":{"rendered":"Ask a CLC Blog- Infant Feeding and Sleep"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"325\" height=\"324\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/hannah-ask-a-clc-apr-2026.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/hannah-ask-a-clc-apr-2026.png 325w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/hannah-ask-a-clc-apr-2026-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/hannah-ask-a-clc-apr-2026-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/hannah-ask-a-clc-apr-2026-50x50.png 50w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 325px) 100vw, 325px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Infants should have their own sleep space, such as a crib or bassinet. Image Credit: Hannah Shifflette.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Newborn feeding and sleep can be quite a mystery for new parents. Both are essential for infant wellbeing and are closely connected. In this article, we will look at the connection between infant feeding and sleep, patterns and cues to watch for, the importance of safe sleep, and the power of a bedtime routine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Feeding &amp; Sleep Connect<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The connection is simple: babies wake to eat and eat to sleep. This connection is a biological need, especially during the first six months of life when sleep and wake windows are shorter. Newborns are influenced by routines, and when their schedule is essentially eat, sleep, repeat, it is easier for them to settle. Also, when infants eat well, they are more likely to sleep better. Studies have also shown that infants who consume more calories during the day wake less frequently for nighttime feeds. However, night waking is normal and healthy during the newborn period! Watching for early signs, also called cues, that an infant is hungry or tired can lead to more effective feedings and quality sleep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hunger &amp; Sleepy Cues<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Babies give many subtle signals when they are hungry or sleepy. Recognizing these early cues can help caregivers respond before the baby becomes upset or overtired.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Hunger Cues Include: <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rooting or \u201csearching for the nipple\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hands to mouth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lip smacking or licking<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grunting sounds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Sleepy Cues Include: <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yawning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rubbing eyes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Staring off<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Red eyebrows<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Once a baby reaches the point of crying because they are hungry or tired, they are likely too distressed to have an effective feeding or to have as restful sleep. Offering a feed at the first signs of hunger can help prevent distress and support a better latch. When a baby shows sleepy cues, putting them to bed promptly helps them fall asleep more easily and leads to a more restful sleep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sleep and Feeding Patterns<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Infants typically sleep about 11 to 17 hours daily, and this varies from baby to baby. Newborn sleep happens in short cycles and does not follow a regular schedule at first. <a href=\"https:\/\/health.clevelandclinic.org\/wake-windows-by-age\"><em>What Are Baby Wake Windows?<\/em><\/a> from Cleveland Clinic can help caregivers become familiar with how long babies typically stay awake at each stage. How often babies wake to feed largely depends on whether they are fed formula or breast milk, as well as their age. Infants who are formula fed may sleep slightly longer stretches of three to four hours before waking to eat. Babies who are breastfed, on the other hand, may eat more often because breast milk is digested more quickly and easily than formula. Most breastfed babies feed about 10 to 12 times in 24 hours, throughout the day and night. These more frequent night wakings are also why breastfeeding is associated with a lower risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/safe-sleep-for-babies\/\">Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS<\/a>). Waking frequently to feed is normal and supports growth and milk supply, if breastfeeding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infant Feeding Basics<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It is essential to know the basics of infant feeding when bringing home a newborn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Experts recommend exclusively breastfeeding for the first six months of life, and continuing for several more years, if desired. Breastfeeding offers complete nutrition for infants and has many health benefits for mothers as well.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vitamin D supplementation is recommended for all breastfed infants. Experts advise offering 400 IU of vitamin D daily unless infants are consuming at least 32 ounces of formula each day. 400 IU is typically one \u201cdrop\u201d of a liquid vitamin D supplement, and can be added to expressed milk, formula, or directly onto the nipple prior to nursing. Caregivers should discuss vitamin D supplementation with their child\u2019s pediatrician.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If choosing to fully formula feed or combination feed with both formula and breast milk, be sure to understand how to properly prepare infant formula. Incorrectly mixing infant formula can either deprive infants of needed calories if it is over-diluted or stress the body if it is too concentrated. Read the container directions carefully and review the American Academy of Pediatrics&#8217; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthychildren.org\/English\/ages-stages\/baby\/formula-feeding\/Pages\/how-to-safely-prepare-formula-with-water.aspx\">steps for correctly preparing infant formula.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The same level of importance must be placed on storing and handling expressed breast milk, as it is especially prone to spoiling. Learn about the <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/guidelines-for-proper-breast-milk-expression-storage-and-handling\/\">Guidelines for Proper Breast Milk Expression, Storage, and Handling<\/a> from Clemson Extension.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Once an infant is around six months old, other foods and drinks may begin to be introduced in addition to breastmilk or formula. This is referred to as complementary feeding and is an exciting time during an infant\u2019s first year of life! Talking with the pediatrician and becoming familiar with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/infant-toddler-nutrition\/foods-and-drinks\/index.html\">how to introduce solid foods <\/a>can help set the stage for success.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Safe Sleep for Infants<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Providing a safe sleeping space is crucial when caring for an infant:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Infants should always be placed on their backs to sleep. This includes naps and nighttime.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Infants and their caregiver should sleep in the same room for at least the first six months.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>While room sharing is recommended, bed sharing is not. Infants should have their own sleep space, such as a crib or bassinet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An infant\u2019s sleep space should have a flat, firm mattress with one fitted sheet and no toys, bumpers, blankets, or pillows.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Swaddling an infant can help them sleep soundly. However, once rolling over on their own, infants should no longer be swaddled. A wearable blanket can be used at this point to safely provide warmth.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Studies show that pacifiers may reduce the risk of SIDS and can help soothe infants as they sleep. If breastfeeding, consider waiting to offer a pacifier until breastfeeding is well established.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An infant\u2019s room should be kept around 68\u201372\u00b0F to keep them from becoming cold or overheating.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As previously mentioned, breastfeeding coincides with safe sleep for infants, as it has been shown to reduce risks of overall infant death. This is likely due to more frequent night wakings to feed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>While experts agree that a crib or bassinet is the safest sleep space for an infant, breastfeeding parents who might accidentally fall asleep should prepare ahead to protect their infant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tips for parents who might accidentally fall asleep:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The American Academy of Pediatrics notes that it is safer to prepare a bed for accidental sleep rather than falling asleep with an infant on a couch or reclining chair. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prepare the adult bed by removing all pillows, blankets, and loose bedding. Nurse in the <a href=\"https:\/\/hmhb-mt.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Cuddle-curl-postcard.pdf\">\u201cCuddle Curl\u201d<\/a> position to protect baby in case of accidental sleep. Ensure no older children or pets are also in the bed. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the parent does fall asleep, once waking, promptly place the baby back in their own sleep space.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Learn more about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nichd.nih.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-10\/NICHD_STS_2022_Handout_English508_0.pdf\">what a safe sleep environment looks like<\/a> according to the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Healthy Habits to Promote Sleep<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Parents may assume that they will be severely deprived of sleep during their infant\u2019s first year. However, there are many steps that can be taken to help promote infant sleep. First, using light and activity during the daytime, and then keeping the environment calm, quiet, and darker at night can help infants begin to distinguish day versus night. The power of a simple bedtime routine can also work wonders in helping babies wind down before bed. About 30 minutes before bedtime, giving a bath, offering a feeding, and then reading a book each night can help babies understand that it is almost time to sleep. For any feedings overnight, turn on as little light as possible to help the baby understand that after feeding, they go back to sleep. Breastfeeding is also a healthy habit that promotes rest as breast milk contains hormones and fats that naturally support infant sleep. Remember to place more importance on the cues shown rather than the clock, and adjust routines as needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When to Ask for Help<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If pain, feeding troubles, or extreme fussiness become concerns, caregivers should reach out to the infant\u2019s pediatrician for support. For breastfeeding support, reaching out to a Certified Lactation Counselor can help! Clemson Extension offers <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/ask-a-clc-expert-breastfeeding-support-tickets-1979909968012\"><em>Ask a CLC<\/em><\/a>, a monthly, virtual breastfeeding support program, to support expecting and new parents. It is also important to note that caregiver wellbeing is essential, too, as the whole family cannot thrive unless every member\u2019s needs are being met. Caregivers should have open conversations with their health care provider and family to help ensure that they are also receiving the support they need while navigating this stage in life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related Articles:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/breast-milk-or-infant-formula\/\">Breast Milk or Infant Formula?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/feeding-your-infant\/\">Feeding Your Infant<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/the-benefits-of-breastfeeding-for-mom-and-baby\/\">The Benefits of Breastfeeding for Mom and Baby<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Barney, J. (2024, November 13). Many moms fall asleep while feeding, endangering their babies, study finds. UVA School of Medicine.\u00a0 https:\/\/news.med.virginia.edu\/research\/many-moms-fall-asleep-while-feeding-endangering-their-babies-study-finds\/.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Foods and drinks for infants and toddlers. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/infant-toddler-nutrition\/foods-and-drinks\/index.html.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Safe sleep for your baby. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sudden-infant-death\/sleep-safely\/index.html<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia. (2023). Newborn sleep patterns. https:\/\/www.chop.edu\/pages\/newborn-sleep-patterns<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cleveland Clinic. (2024). Sleep in your baby\u2019s first year. https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/articles\/14300-sleep-in-your-babys-first-year.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Feldman-Winter, L. (2024, May 17). Breastfeeding: AAP policy explained. HealthyChildren.org. https:\/\/www.healthychildren.org\/English\/ages-stages\/baby\/breastfeeding\/Pages\/Where-We-Stand-Breastfeeding.aspx<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Author:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hannah Shifflette, Rural Health and Nutrition, Chester and York Counties<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed by: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Michelle Altman, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Melissa Bales, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellie Lane, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Newborn feeding and sleep can be quite a mystery for new parents. Both are essential for infant wellbeing and are closely connected. In this article, we will look at the connection between infant feeding and sleep, patterns and cues to watch for, the importance of safe sleep, and the power of a bedtime routine. How [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3908,"featured_media":291,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[105123,105021],"tags":[105225,105288,105285,105027,105010,105287,105129,105176,105128,105024,105009,105034,105286],"coauthors":[105020],"class_list":["post-290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maternal","category-nutrition","tag-baby","tag-baby-feeding","tag-baby-health","tag-hannah-shifflette","tag-health","tag-infant-feeding","tag-infant-health","tag-maternal-child-health","tag-maternal-health","tag-nutrition","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-sleep","tag-sleep-for-babies"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/hannah-ask-a-clc-apr-2026-150x150.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3908"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=290"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/290\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=290"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":220,"date":"2026-04-07T20:26:13","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T20:26:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=220"},"modified":"2026-04-07T20:26:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T20:26:13","slug":"a-flavorful-path-to-better-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/a-flavorful-path-to-better-health\/","title":{"rendered":"A Flavorful Path to Better Health"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"975\" height=\"731\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/image.png 975w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/image-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/image-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mixed nuts seasoned with freshly preserved herbs are a quick and healthy daily snack. Using herbs and spices instead of salt adds vibrant flavor while also helping reduce overall sodium consumption. Photo credit: RHN Team Picture Bank<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Flavoring Without Salt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Salt has always been known for being a simple, go-to ingredient for boosting flavor in home-cooked meals. However, relying on it consistently can have a negative impact on health. Most Americans consume more than 3,400 milligrams of sodium each day, which is significantly above the recommended daily limit of 2,300 milligrams. This overconsumption of sodium can lead to bloating, increased blood pressure, and added strain on the heart and kidneys. Over time, these complications can be risk factors for heart disease and stroke. Fortunately, there are an abundance of herbs and spices that offer the same rich, satisfying flavor that do not include the risks associated with consuming too much salt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Herbs and spices can bring depth and character to food while also offering an abundance of health benefits. Many are naturally rich in antioxidants, which help protect the body from cell damage. Spices such as oregano, turmeric, cloves, and cinnamon contain some of the highest antioxidant levels found in foods. Others, including turmeric, garlic, and ginger, provide anti\u2011inflammatory compounds that may help support immune function and reduce long\u2011term disease risk. Ginger is also known for easing digestive discomfort and nausea, making it a helpful addition to everyday meals. Together, these herbs and spices offer a simple way to support health while also elevating every dish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fresh vs. Dried Herbs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Both fresh and dried herbs can elevate flavor, but they are typically used in different ways. Fresh herbs provide bright, delicate flavor and work best in salads, garnishes, and as a finishing touch. Because their flavor is more subtle, fresh herbs should be added near the end of cooking. Dried herbs have a stronger, more concentrated flavor. They work well in soups, stews, marinades, and other slow-cooked dishes. For best results, add them early in the cooking process so they have time to rehydrate and release their flavor. When substituting dried herbs for fresh, a typical rule of thumb is to use a 3 to 1 ratio. Therefore, for every 1 tablespoon (tbsp.) of fresh herbs, 1 teaspoon (tsp.) of dried herbs should be used. This keeps the flavors easily balanced and perfect for seasoning a home-cooked meal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Easy Flavor Combinations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Many seasoning blends can be made at home to make low-salt cooking simple and convenient. Below are a few examples of recipe blends to help get started.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Italian:<\/strong> 1 tbsp. basil, 1 tbsp. oregano, 1 tbsp. thyme, and 1 tbsp. rosemary<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mediterranean: <\/strong>\u00bd tsp<strong>. <\/strong>garlic powder, \u00bd tsp. onion powder, \u00bd tsp. cumin, 1 tsp coriander, 1 tsp. oregano, \u00bd tsp. thyme, and \u00bc tsp. red pepper<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Table Shake:<\/strong> \u00bd tsp. garlic powder, 1 \u00bd tsp. dry mustard, 1 \u00bd tsp. basil leaves, \u00bd tsp. ground celery seed, \u00bd tsp. paprika, and \u00bd tsp. chili powder<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Taco Seasoning: <\/strong>4 \u00bd tsp. chili powder, 4 \u00bd tsp. ground cumin, \u00bc tsp. garlic powder, \u00bc tsp. onion powder, and \u00bc tsp. oregano leaves<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thai Blend:<\/strong> \u00bd tsp. garlic powder, \u00bd tsp. onion powder, \u00bd tsp. ground cumin, 1 tsp. ground coriander, \u00bc tsp. ground red pepper, \u00bd tsp. ground ginger, and \u215b tsp. ground cinnamon<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jerk Seasoning: <\/strong>1 tbsp. thyme leaves, 1 tsp. ground allspice, 1 tsp. ground cinnamon, 1 tsp. ground cloves, 1 tsp. garlic powder, and 1 tsp. cayenne pepper<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tips for Reducing Salt Gradually<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Making extreme changes in one\u2019s diet can be difficult to maintain. Therefore, it is important to incorporate small, gradual changes for maximal results overtime. Examples of these changes can include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Using half the salt that would be normally included, and replacing the rest with herbs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rinsing canned beans and vegetables<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reading labels for \u201clow sodium\u201d or \u201cno salt added\u201d products<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Experimenting with spice blends<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A More Flavorful Way to Eat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Seasoning with herbs and spices can turn healthy eating into a fun, exciting adventure. This can help individuals discover new flavors, protect their overall health, and enjoy every meal without the need for a saltshaker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Additional Resources<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/halt-salt\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/halt-salt\/\">HGIC 4054: Halt Salt<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/spring-cleaning-our-eating-habits\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/spring-cleaning-our-eating-habits\/\">HGIC Blog Post: Spring Cleaning Our Eating Habits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>American Heart Association. (2022). Effects of excess sodium infographic. https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/healthy-living\/healthy-eating\/eat-smart\/sodium\/effects-of-excess-sodium-infographic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Berg, S. (2025, August 15). <em>What doctors wish patients knew about sodium consumption<\/em>. American Medical Association. https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/public-health\/prevention-wellness\/what-doctors-wish-patients-knew-about-sodium-consumption.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sabbath, K. (2019, January 11). <em>The spices of life &#8211; 7 healthiest spices | leever cancer center blog<\/em>. The Harold Leever Regional Cancer Center. https:\/\/www.leevercancercenter.org\/blog\/the-spices-of-life\/.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hannah Davis, UPIC Intern, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roxane Cummings, Rural Health and Nutrition, Bamberg and Orangeburg Counties<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed by:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Michelle Altman, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Melissa Bales, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ellie Lane, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flavoring Without Salt Salt has always been known for being a simple, go-to ingredient for boosting flavor in home-cooked meals. However, relying on it consistently can have a negative impact on health. Most Americans consume more than 3,400 milligrams of sodium each day, which is significantly above the recommended daily limit of 2,300 milligrams. This [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3908,"featured_media":308,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10351,104559,105021,10352],"tags":[105227,105064,105308,105307,105306,105010,105304,105066,105024,105085,105009,105303,105309,105305],"coauthors":[105020],"class_list":["post-220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-hypertension-management","category-nutrition","category-wellness","tag-blood-pressure","tag-chronic-disease","tag-flavoring","tag-flavors","tag-hannah-davis","tag-health","tag-herbs","tag-hypertension","tag-nutrition","tag-roxane-cummings","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-salt","tag-seasoning","tag-spices"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/04\/image-150x150.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3908"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=220"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/220\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=220"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":270,"date":"2026-04-07T20:10:31","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T20:10:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/?p=270"},"modified":"2026-04-07T20:10:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T20:10:31","slug":"stress-and-the-autonomic-nervous-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/stress-and-the-autonomic-nervous-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Stress and the Autonomic Nervous System"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"770\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/Stress_E.Josey_March-Blog-1-1024x770.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/Stress_E.Josey_March-Blog-1-1024x770.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/Stress_E.Josey_March-Blog-1-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/Stress_E.Josey_March-Blog-1-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/Stress_E.Josey_March-Blog-1.jpg 1430w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mindfulness practices, such as meditation, activate the body\u2019s natural relaxation response and help reduce the impact of chronic stress. Image Credit: RHN Team Picture Bank<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Everyone experiences periods of stress throughout their life. When stress levels remain high, they can cause elevated blood pressure and increased glucose (blood sugar) levels, both of which are risk factors for chronic conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Stress can also lead to unhealthy coping behaviors, including overeating and excessive alcohol consumption, which further increase the risk of long-term health problems. Practicing mindfulness is one effective way to reduce stress and support better overall health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is stress?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Stress is a natural human response, triggered when a person perceives a threat or faces a challenging situation. This instinctive reaction allows humans and other mammals to respond to life-threatening conditions. While this response can be useful and even lifesaving in short bursts, it becomes counterproductive when stress is chronic. This is especially true when there is no real way to escape the perceived danger, such as overdue bills, work deadlines, or ongoing caregiving responsibilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acute stress happens when the body reacts quickly to a new or challenging situation. Acute stress comes on suddenly but is often short-lived and eases over time. Long-term or chronic stress, however, builds up over time and can create constant pressure that affects both mental and physical health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the American Psychological Association, seventy-five percent of adults report experiencing health impacts related to stress in their lives. Chronic stress increases the risk of developing anxiety, depression, digestive issues, headaches, muscle pain, heart disease, heart attack, uncontrolled blood glucose levels, high blood pressure, stroke, sleep problems, and weight gain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stress and the Nervous System<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The human body is designed to recognize and react to stress through the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This system regulates involuntary physiological processes like heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and digestion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ANS comprises two distinct parts: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Both systems play a role in the ability of someone to manage stress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Sympathetic Nervous System and The Fight-or-Flight Response<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The SNS is often called the \u201cfight-or-flight\u201d response because it helps the body respond to stress or danger. When activated, the SNS signals the adrenal glands to release the hormone (chemical messenger) epinephrine, which increases heart rate, tightens muscles, and speeds up breathing. At the same time, the SNS lowers insulin (hormone that regulates blood sugar) levels, keeping glucose in the blood for immediate energy. It also signals an increase in glucagon (hormone that raises blood sugar), which prompts the liver to release stored glucose, and cortisol (primary stress hormone), which makes muscles and fat less sensitive to insulin. Together, these changes ensure that glucose is readily available, giving the body quick energy and preparing it to respond to the threat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While the fight-or-flight response is an important survival mechanism, it can become problematic when the stressors triggering it do not require the physical action the body has prepared for. In these situations, glucose is released into the bloodstream for energy that is not used, which can cause blood sugar to rise unnecessarily. Over time, if the SNS is activated too often or in response to stress that does not require physical action, these repeated blood sugar spikes can affect overall health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Parasympathetic Nervous System and the Rest-and-Digest Response<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, the PNS is often referred to as the \u201crest and digest\u201d response and does the opposite of the SNS. This system regulates the ability of the body to relax after periods of stress or danger. The PNS is also responsible for controlling life-sustaining processes, like digestion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chronic stress occurs when a person encounters stressors so frequently that the ANS is unable to effectively regulate the PNS and SNS, resulting in dysregulation. This leaves the person in a hypervigilant state that can cause a variety of different mental and physical health problems. Research suggests that chronic stress contributes to high blood pressure, promotes the formation of artery-clogging deposits, and causes brain changes that may contribute to anxiety, depression, and addiction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Using the Parasympathetic Nervous System to Better Manage Stress<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Knowing that the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) helps return the body to a state of relaxation allows us to use it more effectively to manage stress in daily life. One key player in this process is the vagus nerve, a nerve which runs from the base of the brain to the abdomen. It acts as a two-way communication pathway, sending signals between the brain and the body in a continuous feedback loop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Practices such as mindfulness, deep breathing, meditation, and gentle movement can stimulate the vagus nerve and activate the PNS. This activation promotes relaxation, lowers the heart rate and blood pressure, and supports digestion. When functioning well, the PNS can also improve metabolism and gut health, reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke, decrease migraines, and enhance both emotional and physical well-being. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to Practice Mindfulness<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mindfulness is a way to bring the body back to the present moment and can even help counter the stress. Common mindfulness techniques include deep abdominal breathing, focusing on a soothing word (such as &#8220;peace&#8221; or &#8220;calm&#8221;), visualization of tranquil scenes, repetitive prayer, yoga, or tai chi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benefits of Practicing Mindfulness<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Relaxation techniques can reverse the physiological changes induced by stress, leading to reduced blood pressure, breathing rate, glucose mobilization, and muscle tension. Reducing and managing stress improves moods, promotes self-awareness and increases the ability to self-regulate, allowing for more mindful eating, fight off cravings, and adhere to healthy eating patterns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information on stress, see:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/stress-management\/\">HGIC 4638, Stress Management<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/coping-with-stress-and-mental-health\/\">HGIC 4376, Coping with Stress and Mental Health<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/meditation\/\">HGIC 4384, Meditation<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Looking for a way to practice mindfulness? Join the Rural Health and Nutrition Team&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/yoga-for-every-body-tickets-1428088052809\">Yoga for Every Body<\/a> program for mindfulness and physical activity support. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>American Psychological Association. (n.d.).&nbsp;<em>Stress in America 2022<\/em>. American Psychological Association. https:\/\/www.apa.org\/news\/press\/releases\/stress\/2022\/concerned-future-inflation&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>American Psychological Association. (2013, January 1).&nbsp;<em>How Stress Affects Your Health<\/em>. American Psychological Association. https:\/\/www.apa.org\/topics\/stress\/health#:~:text=This%20can%20put%20you%20at,and%20memory%20and%20concentration%20impairment.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Stress symptoms, signs, and causes<\/em>. HelpGuide.org. (2025, April 14). https:\/\/www.helpguide.org\/articles\/stress\/stress-symptoms-signs-and-causes.htm#:~:text=Your%20heart%20pounds%20faster%2C%20muscles,from%20the%20danger%20at%20hand.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Solan, M. (2023, February 6).&nbsp;<em>A mindful way to help manage type 2 diabetes?<\/em>. Harvard Health. https:\/\/www.health.harvard.edu\/blog\/a-mindful-way-to-help-manage-type-2-diabetes-202302062885&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Understanding the stress response<\/em>. Harvard Health. (2024, April 3). https:\/\/www.health.harvard.edu\/staying-healthy\/understanding-the-stress-response&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Authors:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Elizabeth Josey, Rural Health and Nutrition Agent, Lancaster and Fairfield Counties<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conner Russell, UPIC Intern, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reviewed by:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Michelle Altman, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Melissa Bales, Extension Associate, Rural Health and Nutrition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Everyone experiences periods of stress throughout their life. When stress levels remain high, they can cause elevated blood pressure and increased glucose (blood sugar) levels, both of which are risk factors for chronic conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Stress can also lead to unhealthy coping behaviors, including overeating and excessive alcohol consumption, which further [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4223,"featured_media":266,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10351,105042,105071,105047,105058,105038,105072,10352],"tags":[105109,105095,105236,105010,105237,105037,105009,105073,105139],"coauthors":[105006],"class_list":["post-270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-illness-sickness","category-mental-health-wellbeing","category-obesity","category-physical-activity","category-seasonal-wellness","category-stress","category-wellness","tag-conner-russell","tag-elizabeth-josey","tag-fight-or-flight","tag-health","tag-mindfulness","tag-physical-activity","tag-rural-health-and-nutrition","tag-stress","tag-stress-management"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/files\/2026\/03\/Stress_E.Josey_March-Blog-1-150x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4223"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=270"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/266"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=270"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/ruralhealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}]