[{"id":2191,"date":"2026-09-04T17:42:55","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T17:42:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2191"},"modified":"2026-09-04T17:42:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T17:42:57","slug":"why-are-some-ponds-still-so-low","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/why-are-some-ponds-still-so-low\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Are Some Ponds Still So Low?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Christopher LeMaster<\/strong>, <em>Livestock and Forage Agent<\/em>, Clemson Extension<br><strong>Heather Nix<\/strong>, <em>Water Resources Agent<\/em>, Clemson Extension<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It\u2019s hard to believe we\u2019re still talking about drought when you drive around and see lush, green pastures. While we\u2019ve been very fortunate to receive some recent rainfall, you can still see quite a few nearly dry ponds across the landscape.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many livestock producers rely on groundwater-fed ponds to provide drinking water for their animals. Several producers have contacted us with concerns that their ponds remain unseasonably dry despite the rain. Some of the recent groundwater maps from the South Carolina Drought Response Committee\u2014including the <a href=\"https:\/\/scdrought.com\/images\/topSeven\/August_15_2026_to_August_21_2026_Groundwater.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">groundwater drought monitor for August 15\u201321, 2026<\/a>\u2014suggest that groundwater levels may still be declining in some parts of the state.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One possible explanation is that rainfall and groundwater conditions are not always telling the same story.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This distinction matters because a heavy rainstorm can produce plenty of runoff without fully replenishing groundwater. If the soil is dry or compacted, or if rainfall arrives in a rapid, intense event, much of that water may move quickly into ditches and flow swiftly downstream. It may not soak deeply enough to restore groundwater supplies, which maintain the steady seeps and springs that support healthy ponds and normal streamflow.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our rapidly developing areas may also be a contributing factor. As vegetated areas are replaced by roads, rooftops, parking areas, and other impervious surfaces, more rainfall runs off the ground surface and less water can infiltrate into the soil. Over time, that can significantly reduce groundwater recharge and change how water moves through a watershed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many ponds also began the summer below normal after an exceptionally dry fall and winter. High temperatures then increased evaporation rates, accelerating declining water levels further than expected during typical droughts. So even though the landscape looks green again, some water resources are still recovering from the earlier deficit.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Of course, drought is not the only possible explanation for a low pond. The following questions may help pond owners identify some possible causes:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Is there a visible problem with the dam?\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Are pipes, spillways, and other outfall structures functioning properly?\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Have any inflowing streams or drainage areas been redirected?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Has the pond recently been dredged, reshaped, or otherwise disturbed?\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Has the pond reached similar levels during previous droughts?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Are there new withdrawals for irrigation, livestock, or other uses?\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What if livestock depend on the pond?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Low water levels deserve extra attention when livestock rely on a pond, creek, spring, or well. The main considerations are reliability: Is enough clean water available to support a healthy livestock herd? And how long is the water supply likely to last if hot, dry weather returns? Now is a good time to have a backup plan, whether that means supplementing the existing water source or being prepared to move animals to a more reliable source. Keep a close eye on water levels as the season continues.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Clemson Extension\u2019s publication <a href=\"https:\/\/lgpress.clemson.edu\/publication\/livestock-ponds-in-south-carolina\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Livestock Ponds in South Carolina<\/a> provides additional information about pond water quantity, water quality, and management practices for livestock ponds.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Livestock need clean water, and water quality is impacted by weather. As a pond becomes smaller and shallower, the water may become warmer and more stagnant. Sediment, nutrients, and other contaminants may also become more concentrated. Livestock traffic around the remaining water can add manure, stir up sediment, and increase erosion. These conditions may increase the risk of problematic algae, including harmful algal blooms.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more information about harmful algal blooms and the risks they can pose, see our recent article, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/protecting-your-herd-managing-harmful-algal-blooms-habs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Protecting Your Herd: Managing Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)<\/a>.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the pond develops an unusual odor or color, surface scum, a heavy algae bloom, dead fish, or other noticeable changes, livestock should be kept away until the water can be evaluated.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recent rain is good news, and green pastures are encouraging. But rainfall does not always immediately restore groundwater levels or pond levels. For livestock producers, this is a good reminder to pay attention to both the quantity and quality of the water available to their animals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In our next&nbsp;newsletter, we\u2019ll discuss ways to improve groundwater infiltration in pastures\u2014and how livestock can be part of the solution rather than the problem.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Christopher LeMaster, Livestock and Forage Agent, Clemson ExtensionHeather Nix, Water Resources Agent, Clemson Extension It\u2019s hard to believe we\u2019re still talking about drought when you drive around and see lush, green pastures. While we\u2019ve been very fortunate to receive some recent rainfall, you can still see quite a few nearly dry ponds across the landscape.\u00a0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3902,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92296,190,93471,91743,52346,92114,92459],"tags":[13275],"coauthors":[93468],"class_list":["post-2191","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cherokee","category-greenville","category-greenwood","category-laurens","category-livestock-forages","category-spartanburg","category-union","tag-water-resources"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3902"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2191"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2191\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2193,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2191\/revisions\/2193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2191"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2191"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2159,"date":"2026-09-01T12:32:49","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T12:32:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2159"},"modified":"2026-09-01T12:32:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T12:32:50","slug":"join-the-fall-2026-midlands-food-preservation-workshops","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/join-the-fall-2026-midlands-food-preservation-workshops\/","title":{"rendered":"Join the Fall 2026 Midlands Food Preservation Workshops!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Are you ready to embark on an exciting hands-on learning adventure this fall? Our Midlands Food Preservation Workshops are designed to transform your approach to preserving food. Whether you&#8217;re just starting out in the world of pickling, pressure canning, and jam making, or looking to enhance your existing skills, these workshops are perfect for you.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-04e676ae wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>What To Expect<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Interactive Learning<\/strong>: Dive into the essentials of food preservation with enthusiasm and curiosity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Skill Building<\/strong>: Level up your knowledge and expand your food resource bank.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Community Connection<\/strong>: Share stories while forming a supportive network of home preservers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">By the end of our workshops, you&#8217;ll be ready to preserve the season\u2019s bounty and contribute to a community dedicated to safe and sustainable food practices. This is more than just a learning experience; it&#8217;s an opportunity to merge tradition with innovation in kitchens across the Midlands.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"939\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/08\/Isreal-Dec.-Canning-939x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Midlands Food Preservation Workshops\" class=\"wp-image-2160\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.9169972062107009;width:295px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/08\/Isreal-Dec.-Canning-939x1024.jpg 939w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/08\/Isreal-Dec.-Canning-275x300.jpg 275w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/08\/Isreal-Dec.-Canning-768x838.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/08\/Isreal-Dec.-Canning-1408x1536.jpg 1408w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/08\/Isreal-Dec.-Canning-1877x2048.jpg 1877w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 939px) 100vw, 939px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Upcoming Workshops<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Pickling:<\/strong><ul><li>Wednesday, September 16th, 1:00 PM &#8211; 5:00 PM<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thursday, September 17th, 10:00 AM &#8211; 2:00 PM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Pressure Canning:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thursday, October 15th, 10:00 AM &#8211; 2:00 PM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Jams, Jellies, Soft Spreads:<\/strong><ul><li>Wednesday, December 9th, 1:00 PM &#8211; 5:00 PM<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thursday, December 10th, 10:00 AM \u2013 2:00 PM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Choose your workshop date for only $40!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Location: Camden, SC 29020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Don&#8217;t miss out on this empowering educational journey. Register now and become part of a movement that values both heritage and creativity. Spots are limited, so secure your place today!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/midlands-fall-food-preservation-workshops-tickets-1995755760203?aff=oddtdtcreator\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/midlands-fall-food-preservation-workshops-tickets-1995755760203?aff=oddtdtcreator\">Register Here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Faith Isreal | 803-722-1195 | fisreal@clemson.edu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Are you ready to embark on an exciting hands-on learning adventure this fall? Our Midlands Food Preservation Workshops are designed to transform your approach to preserving food. Whether you&#8217;re just starting out in the world of pickling, pressure canning, and jam making, or looking to enhance your existing skills, these workshops are perfect for you. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4025,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[93020,53434,466],"tags":[],"coauthors":[93465],"class_list":["post-2159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fairfield","category-food-systems-safety","category-workshops"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4025"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2159"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2176,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2159\/revisions\/2176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2159"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2153,"date":"2026-06-30T18:11:26","date_gmt":"2026-06-30T18:11:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2153"},"modified":"2026-06-30T18:11:26","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T18:11:26","slug":"agricultures-role-in-the-american-revolution-a-south-carolina-story","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/agricultures-role-in-the-american-revolution-a-south-carolina-story\/","title":{"rendered":"Agriculture&#8217;s Role in the American Revolution: A South Carolina Story"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER, JR.<\/strong><br><strong><em>Area Livestock &amp; Forage Agent<\/em><\/strong><br><em>Cherokee, Spartanburg, &amp; Union Counties<\/em><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Like much of the country, I&#8217;ve been thinking a lot about America&#8217;s upcoming 250th birthday. Here in Cherokee County, it&#8217;s hard not to. We have two nationally significant Revolutionary War battlefields\u2014Cowpens National Battlefield and Kings Mountain National Military Park\u2014right here in our backyard. Add in the recently opened Carolina Rising Museum, which highlights the important role South Carolina&#8217;s backcountry played in the Revolution, and there are plenty of opportunities to learn more about this important chapter of our nation&#8217;s history.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I&#8217;ll admit, I&#8217;ve forgotten quite a bit since high school U.S. History, but it&#8217;s been fun to dive back into one of the most fascinating periods of our nation&#8217;s past. Of course, as a farmer and Extension agent, I couldn&#8217;t help but become especially interested in the pivotal role agriculture played in America&#8217;s fight for independence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">South Carolina Was an Agricultural Powerhouse&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By the time the Revolution began in 1775, South Carolina had become one of the wealthiest colonies in British North America. That prosperity was built on agriculture.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rice and indigo were the colony&#8217;s signature cash crops, while timber, naval stores, livestock, and deerskins also contributed to a thriving export economy centered around the Port of Charleston. According to historian Dr. Walter Edgar, this agricultural wealth made South Carolina one of the most valuable colonies in the British Empire (Edgar, <em>South Carolina: A History<\/em>).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It&#8217;s worth remembering that much of this agricultural wealth was made possible through the knowledge, skill, and labor of enslaved Africans, particularly in the cultivation of rice. Their influence remains evident today in South Carolina&#8217;s culture, cuisine, and the historic rice impoundments that now provide valuable wildlife habitat along the coast.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Agriculture Mattered During the Revolution&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The British didn&#8217;t simply want to defeat the Continental Army\u2014they wanted to regain one of their richest colonies.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Agriculture made South Carolina strategically valuable because it provided:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Valuable exports like rice and indigo.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Food for both British and Patriot armies.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Horses, cattle, and other livestock needed to support military campaigns.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Timber and naval stores used for construction and transportation.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Simply put, controlling South Carolina meant controlling valuable agricultural resources\u2014a strategy that was important to both the British and the Americans.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Armies depended on local food supplies. Livestock was seized. Crops were destroyed. Mills, roads, and river crossings became important military objectives because they controlled the movement of food and supplies.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Different Way to Celebrate 250 Years&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As we prepare to celebrate America&#8217;s 250th birthday, it&#8217;s worth remembering that our nation&#8217;s story wasn&#8217;t written only by soldiers and statesmen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It was also written by farmers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">South Carolina&#8217;s fields helped build one of Britain&#8217;s wealthiest colonies, supported communities during years of conflict, and supplied resources that sustained armies on both sides of the war. Agriculture has always been more than an economic engine\u2014it has been part of our state&#8217;s identity from the very beginning.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One final thought. As I&#8217;ve read more about the Revolution, a few things have really stood out to me. First, the cost of independence was immense and brutal in America\u2019s first civil war. These Americans endured hard times, and they were even harder people. My other takeaway is that agriculture has always been a matter of national security. Throughout history, without a secure food supply, no cause can endure.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER, JR.Area Livestock &amp; Forage AgentCherokee, Spartanburg, &amp; Union Counties Like much of the country, I&#8217;ve been thinking a lot about America&#8217;s upcoming 250th birthday. Here in Cherokee County, it&#8217;s hard not to. We have two nationally significant Revolutionary War battlefields\u2014Cowpens National Battlefield and Kings Mountain National Military Park\u2014right here in our backyard. Add [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3902,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92296,52346,92114,92459],"tags":[],"coauthors":[93468],"class_list":["post-2153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cherokee","category-livestock-forages","category-spartanburg","category-union"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3902"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2153"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2153\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2153"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2145,"date":"2026-06-25T20:59:55","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T20:59:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2145"},"modified":"2026-06-30T17:56:58","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T17:56:58","slug":"protecting-your-herd-managing-harmful-algal-blooms-habs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/protecting-your-herd-managing-harmful-algal-blooms-habs\/","title":{"rendered":"Protecting Your Herd: Managing Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HEATHER NIX<br><em>Upstate Water Resource Agent<\/em><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER<br><em>Area Livestock &amp; Forage Agent<\/em><br><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As we move into the warmer months, ensuring cattle have access to fresh, clean water is a primary management concern. Many producers rely on surface water sources; however, this practice introduces risks, most notably Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), which can have rapid and fatal consequences for livestock.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;HABs include rapid overgrowths of cyanobacteria (formerly called blue-green algae) in water bodies. Unlike true algae, cyanobacteria can produce toxins that are harmful to humans, pets, and livestock. These blooms may appear as a &#8220;spilled paint&#8221; scum, pea soup, grass clippings, or thick mats on the water surface and can vary in color from blue to bright green to brownish-red.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" data-id=\"2148\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/cylindrospermopsis_BoresEmily_SCDES-1.png\" alt=\"Cylindrospermopsis; Photo by Emily Bores\" class=\"wp-image-2148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/cylindrospermopsis_BoresEmily_SCDES-1.png 960w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/cylindrospermopsis_BoresEmily_SCDES-1-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/cylindrospermopsis_BoresEmily_SCDES-1-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cylindrospermopsis; <em>Photo by Emily Bores<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Microcystis_1_Credit_EmilyBores_SCDES-1-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Microcystis; Photo by Emily Bores\" class=\"wp-image-2149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Microcystis_1_Credit_EmilyBores_SCDES-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Microcystis_1_Credit_EmilyBores_SCDES-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Microcystis_1_Credit_EmilyBores_SCDES-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Microcystis_1_Credit_EmilyBores_SCDES-1-rotated.jpg 1254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Microcystis; <em>Photo by Emily Bores<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Effects on Cattle<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cyanobacteria can produce over 1,000 types of poisonous compounds, known as cyanotoxins, which are released when the cells die and rupture. Cyanotoxins can attack the skin, liver, cells, or nervous system and can produce symptoms within minutes, days, or months following exposure. Health impacts depend on specific cyanotoxin(s), concentration, route of exposure (ingestion, contact, etc.), and length of exposure. Symptoms can vary widely, in livestock watch for skin rash or increased sensitivity to sun exposure, diarrhea, weakness, respiratory distress, muscle tremors, premature births, or fetal death.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prime Conditions for HAB Growth<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cyanobacteria thrive when environmental conditions provide a &#8220;perfect storm&#8221; for growth:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Stagnant Water:<\/strong> Still or low-flow water, such as farm ponds or backwater areas.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nutrient Rich:<\/strong> High levels of phosphorus and nitrogen, possibly from fertilizer runoff or direct manure input.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Warm Temperatures:<\/strong> Prolonged sunlight and warm water temperatures (above 77\u00baF) during warm weather.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How to Monitor for HABs<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2025, the South Carolina Department of Environmental Services (SCDES) issued its first Recreational Watch after identifying toxin-producing HAB species in Lake Hartwell on April 30th, with the latest Recreational Advisory issued for Lake Thurmond on November 25th. Because of this wide window, producers should regularly inspect ponds and other water sources, especially on the downwind pond edges where wind and waves concentrate the blooms.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Stick Test:<\/strong> If you can lift the algae out of the water with a stick, it is likely non-toxic filamentous algae. If it breaks apart and cannot be lifted or coats the stick like paint, it may be cyanobacteria.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Jar Test:<\/strong> Place a water sample in a clear jar and refrigerate it overnight. If the algae floats to the surface, it is a strong indicator of cyanobacteria.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Submit a Sample: A Clemson University lab can confirm identification and provide management recommendations for $20 (in-state); samples can be dropped off at any county Extension office. Results typically take 7-10 business days. See Submitting an Algae Sample for Identification (<a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/submitting-an-algae-sample-for-identification\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/submitting-an-algae-sample-for-identification\/)<\/a> for more information.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Action Steps: Response and Recovery<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you suspect a bloom is present, take immediate action to protect your herd:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Remove Animals (and People):<\/strong> Immediately exclude livestock from the suspected water source using temporary fencing or by moving the herd to a different pasture.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Provide Alternative Water:<\/strong> Ensure animals have access to a clean, reliable supply, such as well water or a municipal source. <strong>Note:<\/strong> Be aware that even &#8220;clean&#8221; sources can become contaminated if equipment (troughs, hoses, or buckets) has been exposed to the bloom. Be sure water (in troughs) is regularly refreshed and thoroughly clean and flush any shared infrastructure.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Report to the Clemson HAB Response Team:<\/strong> Contact your local Livestock or Water Resource Agent immediately. Our statewide response team can assist with rapid sampling and positive identification to determine if the bloom is toxic. Having pictures of the pond (or water source) and a water sample (including potential HAB growth) may be helpful.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>References<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Do It Yourself: Visual Indicators, Stick Test, and Jar Test for Cyanobacteria. (2022). Nix HB, Hains J, Sahoo D, &amp; White SA. HGIC 1899. Home &amp; Garden Information Center by Clemson Extension. <a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/do-it-yourself-visual-indicators-stick-test-and-jar-test-for-cyanobacteria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/do-it-yourself-visual-indicators-stick-test-and-jar-test-for-cyanobacteria\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Harmful Algal Blooms: Prevention, Response, and Avoidance Manual<\/em> (2023). Nix, H., Sahoo, D., White, S. A., Hains, J., &amp; Busari, I. Clemson Cooperative Extension. <a href=\"https:\/\/dc.statelibrary.sc.gov\/entities\/publication\/1daac8c5-90c7-4c58-a1f4-7189188c085a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/dc.statelibrary.sc.gov\/entities\/publication\/1daac8c5-90c7-4c58-a1f4-7189188c085a<\/a>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Livestock Ponds in South Carolina. (2023). Davis RH, Nix HB, White SA, &amp; Smith WB. LGP1156. Clemson University Land-Grant Press. <a href=\"https:\/\/lgpress.clemson.edu\/publication\/livestock-ponds-in-south-carolina\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/lgpress.clemson.edu\/publication\/livestock-ponds-in-south-carolina\/<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Livestock Water Quality.<\/em> Clemson University Land-Grant Press.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Submitting an Algae Sample for Identification. (2025). Nix HB, Hains J, Williamson M, &amp; Low D. HGIC 1889. Home &amp; Garden Information Center by Clemson Extension. <a href=\"https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/submitting-an-algae-sample-for-identification\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/hgic.clemson.edu\/factsheet\/submitting-an-algae-sample-for-identification\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Photo Credit: <\/strong>Emily Bores, SCDES&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HEATHER NIXUpstate Water Resource Agent CHRISTOPHER LeMASTERArea Livestock &amp; Forage Agent As we move into the warmer months, ensuring cattle have access to fresh, clean water is a primary management concern. Many producers rely on surface water sources; however, this practice introduces risks, most notably Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), which can have rapid and fatal [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3902,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92296,52346,92114,1,92459],"tags":[13275],"coauthors":[93468],"class_list":["post-2145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cherokee","category-livestock-forages","category-spartanburg","category-uncategorized","category-union","tag-water-resources"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3902"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2145"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2145\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2145"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2145"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2141,"date":"2026-06-19T13:14:12","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T13:14:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2141"},"modified":"2026-06-19T16:23:26","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T16:23:26","slug":"riding-on-a-breeze-watching-the-weather-for-armyworms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/riding-on-a-breeze-watching-the-weather-for-armyworms\/","title":{"rendered":"Riding on a Breeze: Watching the Weather for Armyworms"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER, JR.<br><em><strong>Area Livestock &amp; Forage Agent<\/strong><\/em><br><em>Cherokee, Spartanburg, &amp; Union Counties<\/em><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yesterday evening while feeding, I noticed a strong, warm breeze blowing from the south. A few minutes later, I spotted a couple of moths and caught one to take a closer look. It turned out not to be a fall armyworm moth, but it did remind me that these warm, humid weather patterns are often favorable for the northward migration of fall armyworm moths from their overwintering areas along the Gulf Coast and farther south. As we move further into summer, now is a good time to begin scouting pastures and hayfields. Early detection remains our best defense against significant damage.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That doesn&#8217;t necessarily mean armyworms are here today, but it does mean it&#8217;s time to start paying attention. Early scouting is still our best defense against significant damage in pastures and hayfields.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PRIME CONDITIONS&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As these weather patterns continue, producers should be on the lookout for signs of armyworm activity and regularly inspect fields for feeding damage and larvae. Clemson Extension recommends scouting during the cooler parts of the day, such as early mornings and evenings. A sweep net is one of the most effective scouting tools, but simply getting down in the forage and looking for larvae can also be effective.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to finding larvae, watch for signs of feeding damage such as chewed leaf material, ragged leaves, or forage that appears to have a frosted appearance. Producers should also be suspicious of increased bird activity, especially geese or cattle egrets concentrated in a pasture, as they are often feeding on armyworm larvae.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HANDY WEATHER RESOURCES&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1350\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/riding-on-a-breeze.jpg\" alt=\"Armyworm on a leaf\" class=\"wp-image-2143\" style=\"width:424px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/riding-on-a-breeze.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/riding-on-a-breeze-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/riding-on-a-breeze-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/riding-on-a-breeze-768x960.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since I was already thinking about weather, I should mention a resource I have been using quite a bit lately while trying to plan spray applications: <a href=\"https:\/\/agweather.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">agweather.com<\/a>. The website was developed by Eric Snodgrass, a meteorologist with an agricultural background who has made a significant impact in the agricultural community through his weather analysis and outreach. We had the privilege of hearing him speak at Clemson a few years ago while he was with the University of Illinois, and I have found many of the tools on the website to be useful ever since.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The site contains more information than I know what to do with, but I have found the local forecasts to be very accurate and especially appreciate the national radar maps. One feature I check frequently before spraying is the hourly forecast, particularly the wind speed and temperature inversion predictions. Those tools can help producers make safer application decisions and reduce the potential for pesticide drift.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We are not endorsing or representing this website in any way, but it may be a useful resource for some of you as well.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FOR MORE INFO&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more detailed scouting and management recommendations, check out <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/livestock\/fall-armyworm-management-for-pastures-and-hayfields\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Clemson Extension\u2019s blog on fall armyworm management<\/a>. You can also join us next Friday at 12:00 p.m. for our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.com\/e\/bermudagrass-pest-management-fall-armyworms-and-stem-maggots-tickets-1991211545334?aff=oddtdtcreator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fall Armyworm and Bermudagrass Stem Maggot Webinar<\/a>, where we\u2019ll discuss identification, scouting strategies, treatment thresholds, and management options for the season ahead.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER, JR.Area Livestock &amp; Forage AgentCherokee, Spartanburg, &amp; Union Counties Yesterday evening while feeding, I noticed a strong, warm breeze blowing from the south. A few minutes later, I spotted a couple of moths and caught one to take a closer look. It turned out not to be a fall armyworm moth, but it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3902,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92296,52346,92114,92459],"tags":[],"coauthors":[93468],"class_list":["post-2141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cherokee","category-livestock-forages","category-spartanburg","category-union"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3902"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2141"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2141\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2141"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2129,"date":"2026-06-05T19:16:49","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T19:16:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2129"},"modified":"2026-06-05T19:26:50","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T19:26:50","slug":"york-county-4-h-connects-with-new-families-through-summer-kick-off-event","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/york-county-4-h-connects-with-new-families-through-summer-kick-off-event\/","title":{"rendered":"York County 4-H Connects with New Families Through Summer Kick Off Event"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On Friday, May 29, York County 4-H and the City of York welcomed families from across the community to York Place for the 2026 Summer Kick Off Event. What began as an idea to bring families together for an evening of affordable summer fun turned into an incredible community celebration, with 205 vehicles and more than 700 attendees joining us throughout the evening.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The event featured a wide variety of activities for all ages, including face painting by Mandy&#8217;s Professional Face Painting, Pep&#8217;s Party Animals petting zoo, giant inflatables and movie equipment provided by Morton&#8217;s Amusements, line dancing, a playground area, and a movie in the field to close out the night.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6053-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6053-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6053-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6053-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6053-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6053-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"609\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Screenshot-2026-06-05-at-3.13.29-PM-609x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2139\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.5950861951947876\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Screenshot-2026-06-05-at-3.13.29-PM-609x1024.png 609w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Screenshot-2026-06-05-at-3.13.29-PM-179x300.png 179w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/Screenshot-2026-06-05-at-3.13.29-PM.png 676w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5949-768x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2135\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5949-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5949-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5949-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5949.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the highlights of the evening was the opportunity for families to connect with local organizations and resources. Community information booths were provided by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>York County 4-H<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yorkville Agricultural &amp; Education Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Keystone<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>York County Arts Council<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>York Soil &amp; Water Conservation District<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Attendees also enjoyed exploring emergency response and public safety vehicles, including displays from:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>York County SWAT Team<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>City of York Fire Department<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>City of York Police Department.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A special thank you goes to Lifeway Church and The Church of the Good Shepherd for providing a free hotdog dinner for attendees. Their generosity helped ensure that families could enjoy a meal together while participating in the evening&#8217;s activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6062-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6062-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6062-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6062-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6062-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6062-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6056-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6056-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6056-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6056-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6056-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6056-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6061-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6061-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6061-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6061-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6061-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6061-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the most meaningful outcomes of the Summer Kick Off Event was the opportunity for Clemson Extension&#8217;s York County 4-H program to connect with new families throughout the community. The event provided a unique platform to introduce families to the wide variety of youth development opportunities available through 4-H, including leadership, agriculture, STEM, healthy living, and civic engagement programs. Many attendees were unfamiliar with the scope of 4-H beyond traditional livestock projects, and the event allowed staff and volunteers to share how 4-H serves youth from all backgrounds and interests. By building relationships, answering questions, and engaging families in a fun and welcoming environment, the Summer Kick Off Event helped expand awareness of 4-H&#8217;s impact and created new opportunities to reach and inspire the next generation of York County youth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This event would not have been possible without the support of our community partners, volunteers, vendors, sponsors, and local organizations who came together to create a welcoming and memorable experience for families across York County.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0851-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0851-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0851-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0851-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0851-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0851-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/710059899_122179571648859070_179381301177703233_n-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/710059899_122179571648859070_179381301177703233_n-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/710059899_122179571648859070_179381301177703233_n-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/710059899_122179571648859070_179381301177703233_n-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/710059899_122179571648859070_179381301177703233_n.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5951-768x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5951-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5951-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5951-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5951.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The overwhelming turnout demonstrated the value of community events that bring people together, connect families with local resources, and create opportunities for neighbors to build relationships. We are grateful to everyone who attended and helped make the 2026 Summer Kick Off Event such a tremendous success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We look forward to continuing this tradition and welcoming even more families to York Place in the years to come.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Interested in learning more about York County 4-H? We invite families, volunteers, and community members to connect with us and discover the many opportunities available through Clemson Extension&#8217;s 4-H Youth Development Program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kristin Kunde<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">York County 4-H Agent&nbsp;<br>Cooperative Extension<br>Clemson University<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">120 N. Congress St.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">York, SC 29745<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>w<\/strong>&nbsp;803-639-9102<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On Friday, May 29, York County 4-H and the City of York welcomed families from across the community to York Place for the 2026 Summer Kick Off Event. What began as an idea to bring families together for an evening of affordable summer fun turned into an incredible community celebration, with 205 vehicles and more [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4026,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92582],"tags":[13303,93429,93447,93457],"coauthors":[93456],"class_list":["post-2129","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-york","tag-4-h","tag-south-carolina-4-h","tag-york-county","tag-york-county-4-h"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2129","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4026"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2129"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2129\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2129"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2129"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2129"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2129"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2109,"date":"2026-06-05T18:16:26","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T18:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2109"},"modified":"2026-06-05T18:18:16","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T18:18:16","slug":"cooking-leadership-and-stem-a-great-first-week-of-summer-with-york-county-4-h","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/cooking-leadership-and-stem-a-great-first-week-of-summer-with-york-county-4-h\/","title":{"rendered":"Cooking, Leadership, and STEM: A Great First Week of Summer with York County 4-H"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">York County 4-H had an exciting start to summer programming this week, offering opportunities for youth of all ages to learn new skills, build friendships, and explore their interests through hands-on activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From Tuesday through Thursday, youth ages 9\u201313 participated in Cooking Camp at Winthrop University. Campers spent each day preparing breakfast and lunch while learning valuable life skills such as kitchen and food safety, proper knife skills, and the importance of local agriculture through farm-to-table activities. Youth gained confidence in the kitchen while working together to create delicious meals from start to finish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1084\" height=\"1446\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_2212-edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_2212-edited.jpg 1084w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_2212-edited-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_2212-edited-768x1024.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1084px) 100vw, 1084px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5986-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2110\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5986-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5986-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5986-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_5986.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6005-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2111\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6005-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6005-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6005-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6005.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A special thank you goes to our four teen camp counselors who helped make Cooking Camp an engaging and memorable experience for all participants. Their leadership, encouragement, and willingness to assist campers played a key role in the camp&#8217;s success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While Cooking Camp was underway, youth ages 7\u201311 enjoyed CloverBUG Camp on Wednesday and Thursday. Campers participated in hands-on activities, games, and educational experiences designed to spark curiosity and creativity while building friendships and having fun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6174-1-edited-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2127\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6174-1-edited-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6174-1-edited-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6174-1-edited-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6174-1-edited-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6174-1-edited-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6174-1-edited-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6166-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2124\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6166-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6166-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6166-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6166-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_6166-1-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thursday evening marked the first meeting of our summer Teen Lead Lines Club. Teens had the opportunity to hear from Lt. Ramsey of the York County Sheriff&#8217;s Department, who shared valuable insights on servant leadership and the positive impact young people can have within their communities. Participants left inspired to develop their leadership skills and find ways to serve others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0825-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0825-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0825-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0825-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0825-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0825-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0831-1-edited-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0831-1-edited-scaled.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0831-1-edited-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0831-1-edited-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0831-1-edited-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0831-1-edited-1536x2048.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0829-1-edited-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0829-1-edited-scaled.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0829-1-edited-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0829-1-edited-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0829-1-edited-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/06\/IMG_0829-1-edited-1536x2048.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The week concluded on Friday with our first Cloverbud Day for youth ages 5\u20138. The STEM-themed event encouraged our youngest members to explore science, technology, engineering, and math through creative, hands-on activities. Cloverbuds built and decorated birdhouses, experimented with LEGO building challenges, and worked together to complete a Forest Fort Challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We are proud of all the youth who participated this week and grateful to the volunteers, teen leaders, partners, and families who helped make these programs possible. We look forward to many more exciting learning adventures throughout the summer with York County 4-H!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>York County 4-H had an exciting start to summer programming this week, offering opportunities for youth of all ages to learn new skills, build friendships, and explore their interests through hands-on activities. From Tuesday through Thursday, youth ages 9\u201313 participated in Cooking Camp at Winthrop University. Campers spent each day preparing breakfast and lunch while [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4026,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92582],"tags":[13303,93429,93447,93457],"coauthors":[93456],"class_list":["post-2109","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-york","tag-4-h","tag-south-carolina-4-h","tag-york-county","tag-york-county-4-h"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4026"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2109"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2109\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2109"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2106,"date":"2026-06-04T13:24:24","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T13:24:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2106"},"modified":"2026-06-04T18:12:43","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T18:12:43","slug":"stay-vigilant-new-world-screwworm-awareness-for-livestock-producers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/stay-vigilant-new-world-screwworm-awareness-for-livestock-producers\/","title":{"rendered":"Stay Vigilant: New World Screwworm Awareness for Livestock Producers\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>SEAN EASTMAN DVM<\/strong>, <em>Clemson Livestock Poultry Health<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER JR,<\/strong> <em>Clemson Extension Livestock &amp; Forages<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">USDA has now confirmed a case of New World Screwworm in a calf near La Pryor, Texas, roughly 50 miles from the border. Recent warnings have renewed attention on the New World screwworm, a pest with serious implications for livestock, wildlife, and even pets. While not currently established in our region, its proximity\u2014and history in the southeastern U.S.\u2014make awareness especially important.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For the beef industry alone, the potential economic impact is substantial. Estimates suggest losses could reach into the billions of dollars if the New World screwworm were to re-establish in the U.S. This threat also extends beyond cattle, affecting other livestock, wildlife, and even pets\u2014broadening the economic and ecological impact.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What makes the screwworm particularly concerning is its life cycle. Adult flies are drawn to open wounds and lay eggs, and the larvae then feed on living tissue. This means even minor injuries\u2014dehorning, castration, puncture wounds, or something as small as a tick bite\u2014can create an entry point. Routine inspection of any wound is critical.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Right now, the priority is recognition and reporting. We are in a surveillance phase, and early detection is key to control. If you suspect a case, report it. Doing so does not put an \u201cx\u201d on your back\u2014it\u2019s how we protect the industry as a whole.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The good news is we\u2019ve dealt with this before. Screwworm was once endemic in the U.S. but was eradicated in the late 1950s through sterile fly production, which prevented reproduction and proved highly effective. Today, we have even more tools available, including expanded sterile fly capacity and additional treatment options with more approved labels.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For now, stay aware and stay vigilant. Regularly check animals, monitor any wounds closely, and report anything suspicious.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>If you suspect a case in a person:<\/strong><em>\u00a0<\/em>Report immediately to\u00a0South Carolina Department of Public Health via\u00a0the <a href=\"https:\/\/nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdph.sc.gov%2Fsites%2Fscdph%2Ffiles%2FLibrary%2F00167-ENG-CR_2025.pdf&amp;data=05%7C02%7Crmallet%40clemson.edu%7C8079534493404380e4e408dec2647a99%7C0c9bf8f6ccad4b87818d49026938aa97%7C0%7C0%7C639161933969668530%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&amp;sdata=kQBbxuYqb%2BdLuBJKgdIUTsQDrX5Hn%2BTjNb0kX5GqPVI%3D&amp;reserved=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">regional epidemiology office<\/a>\u00a0or the statewide emergency number (1-888-847-0902).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>If case is in deer and wildlife:<\/strong>\u00a0S.C. Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries Division, (803) 734-3886<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>If suspected in domestic animals:<\/strong>\u00a0Clemson University Livestock-Poultry Health, (803) 788-2260<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more information, visit:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/livestock-poultry-disease\/cattle\/ticks\/screwworm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">USDA APHIS Screwworm Resource Page<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/news.clemson.edu\/clemson-experts-warn-public-about-new-world-screwworm-threat\/?utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=clemson-experts-warn-public-about-new-world-screwworm-threat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Clemson Livestock Poultry Health Bulletin<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SEAN EASTMAN DVM, Clemson Livestock Poultry Health&nbsp; CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER JR, Clemson Extension Livestock &amp; Forages&nbsp; USDA has now confirmed a case of New World Screwworm in a calf near La Pryor, Texas, roughly 50 miles from the border. Recent warnings have renewed attention on the New World screwworm, a pest with serious implications for livestock, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3902,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[52346],"tags":[],"coauthors":[93468],"class_list":["post-2106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-livestock-forages"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3902"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2106"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2106\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2106"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2101,"date":"2026-05-27T13:31:49","date_gmt":"2026-05-27T13:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2101"},"modified":"2026-05-27T14:58:08","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T14:58:08","slug":"sweet-vernalgrass-taking-over-fescue-fields-look-beyond-the-weed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/sweet-vernalgrass-taking-over-fescue-fields-look-beyond-the-weed\/","title":{"rendered":"SWEET VERNALGRASS TAKING OVER FESCUE FIELDS? LOOK BEYOND THE WEED\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Christopher LeMaster<br><em>Livestock &amp; Forage Agent<\/em><br><em>Cherokee, Spartanburg, Union Counties<\/em><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/sweet-vernal-grass-819x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Sweet vernalgrass a not so sweet weed\" class=\"wp-image-2103\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.799802493796065;width:710px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/sweet-vernal-grass-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/sweet-vernal-grass-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/sweet-vernal-grass-768x960.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/sweet-vernal-grass.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By 9:30 this morning, I had already received three phone calls about sweet vernalgrass taking over fescue pastures.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On my drive to work, there is a hay field I pass regularly that tells the whole story. The field is a low-input field that is seldom fertilized, and over the last several years I have watched it slowly transition from mostly tall fescue to mostly sweet vernalgrass.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That change did not happen overnight \u2014 and unfortunately, it will not be corrected overnight either.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Is Sweet Vernalgrass?&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sweet vernalgrass was originally introduced as an ornamental grass because of its sweet, vanilla-like smell. Today, most livestock producers consider it a weed because it is simply unproductive. While livestock will graze it, it does not produce the forage volume or quality we expect from a productive fescue stand.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sweet vernalgrass also contains coumarin compounds, which are responsible for its characteristic sweet smell. Under certain conditions, particularly in improperly cured or moldy hay, those compounds can be converted by fungi into dicoumarol, a compound that can interfere with normal blood clotting. While this is generally not considered a major concern under normal grazing conditions, poorly cured hay containing high amounts of sweet vernalgrass may present a greater risk.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sweet Vernalgrass Is Often a Symptom&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Like many weeds, sweet vernalgrass is often an indicator species.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When it begins to invade a pasture, it is usually telling us something about the condition of the field:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Soil pH may be too low&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fertility levels may be lacking&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Most importantly, the fescue is not healthy enough to compete&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A thick, vigorous stand of tall fescue is the best defense against sweet vernalgrass. Healthy fescue simply does not leave much room for it to spread.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why There Is No Easy Fix&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At this point in the season, most sweet vernalgrass has already headed out. Because of that, there is really no benefit to trying to treat it now.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Additionally, there are currently no labeled herbicides that will selectively remove sweet vernalgrass from a fescue stand without damaging the desirable forage. As is often the case, taking a grass out of a grass crop is difficult.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That means our focus now needs to shift toward strengthening the fescue stand.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Focus on Strengthening the Fescue&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As we move into the summer months, we want to place that fescue in the best possible position to survive heat and dry weather stress. Avoid overgrazing or cutting hay too short, as that only weakens the stand further and creates more opportunity for sweet vernalgrass to expand.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hopefully, we will receive timely rainfall this fall so producers can take advantage of fall fertility applications and promote strong fall, winter, and spring growth. Improving soil fertility and encouraging vigorous fescue growth will gradually help thicken the stand and improve competition against sweet vernalgrass.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When Renovation May Be Necessary&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fields with severe patches of sweet vernalgrass, some producers may consider spot-spraying affected areas with glyphosate during late winter or early spring while the sweet vernalgrass is actively growing and before seedheads emerge.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Because glyphosate is non-selective, desirable forage in treated areas will also be affected, but in heavily infested patches there may be little productive fescue remaining to preserve. Following treatment, producers can focus on correcting soil fertility and reseeding those areas with desirable forage species during the fall.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In some situations, producers may also need to evaluate whether partial renovation is enough or if complete renovation of the hayfield would be more effective long-term.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Are other grassy weeds such as foxtail also becoming a problem?&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Oftentimes, the same low-input fields where sweet vernalgrass begins to gain an advantage on fescue are also the fields where foxtail becomes problematic later in the summer. Like sweet vernalgrass, foxtail presents another challenge because it is a grassy weed growing within a grass crop, leaving producers with limited herbicide options.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When multiple grassy weeds are becoming established and desirable forage stands continue to thin, a complete renovation may sometimes be the most practical and economical long-term solution.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Every Field Is Different&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is no one-size-fits-all recommendation for sweet vernalgrass management.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Renovation can be expensive, but continuing to manage a low-producing hayfield also carries a significant cost over time in reduced forage production and hay quality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Producers who are dealing with sweet vernalgrass issues are encouraged to contact their local Extension office so we can evaluate the situation on a case-by-case basis and discuss the most practical and economical options for their operation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unfortunately, there is no silver bullet for sweet vernalgrass control. Long-term management comes back to the basics: proper fertility and maintaining a dense, healthy stand of fescue.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Christopher LeMasterLivestock &amp; Forage AgentCherokee, Spartanburg, Union Counties By 9:30 this morning, I had already received three phone calls about sweet vernalgrass taking over fescue pastures.&nbsp; On my drive to work, there is a hay field I pass regularly that tells the whole story. The field is a low-input field that is seldom fertilized, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3902,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92296,52346,92114,92459],"tags":[13277],"coauthors":[93468],"class_list":["post-2101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cherokee","category-livestock-forages","category-spartanburg","category-union","tag-livestock-and-forages"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3902"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2101"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2101\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2101"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":2097,"date":"2026-05-14T15:07:05","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T15:07:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/?p=2097"},"modified":"2026-05-15T18:37:05","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T18:37:05","slug":"bridging-the-forage-gap-can-summer-annuals-make-up-for-a-dry-spring","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/bridging-the-forage-gap-can-summer-annuals-make-up-for-a-dry-spring\/","title":{"rendered":"Bridging the Forage Gap: Can Summer Annuals Make Up for a Dry Spring?\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER JR<\/strong>, <em>Clemson Extension Livestock &amp; Forages Agent<\/em>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/IMG_0185-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Cows grazing in a pasture. \" class=\"wp-image-2098\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/IMG_0185-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/IMG_0185-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/IMG_0185-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/IMG_0185-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/files\/2026\/05\/IMG_0185-1-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After a dry spring, many producers are asking the same question:&nbsp;<em>how do we make up lost forage?<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For a lot of operations this year, the answer is summer annuals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why&nbsp;summer&nbsp;annuals?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Summer annuals are fast-growing, high-quality forages that can help fill gaps when perennial systems fall short. In the Southeast,&nbsp;they\u2019re&nbsp;typically planted from April through June and can be used for grazing,&nbsp;baleage, or hay.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under good conditions, they can produce&nbsp;<strong>5,000 to&nbsp;10,000 pounds&nbsp;per acre<\/strong>&nbsp;with&nbsp;<strong>15%+ crude protein<\/strong>\u2014a strong&nbsp;option&nbsp;coming out of a poor spring.&nbsp;They are an excellent alternative to&nbsp;the&nbsp;increased risk of fescue toxicity across the summer months.&nbsp;Of course, that still depends on rainfall and management.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Even with risk, farmers are planting.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This&nbsp;isn\u2019t&nbsp;a&nbsp;low-risk&nbsp;move.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ongoing drought, elevated fuel and fertilizer prices make this a difficult decision. After looking at several extension enterprise budgets, some summer annuals could easily land in the $200\/acre ballpark. However, doing nothing has a cost too!\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Start with your goal.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before planting, think about what you need most:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dry hay<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;Possible, but&nbsp;challenging due to thick stems. Higher seeding rates and a mower conditioner can help.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Baleage<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;Strong option&nbsp;for hard-to-dry crops.&nbsp;Ensilation&nbsp;can&nbsp;also decrease nitrates&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Grazing<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;A great way&nbsp;to stretch forage, improve cattle performance, and give&nbsp;Fescue&nbsp;pastures a break heading into fall&nbsp;and punch through the summer slump.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Don\u2019t&nbsp;overlook mixtures.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mixtures are getting more attention\u2014and for good reason.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Adding legumes can:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reduce nitrogen needs&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Maintain yield and quality&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Improve soil health and resilience&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They can also help buffer against drought and extend the grazing season. Just keep in mind that herbicide options may be more limited.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A quick word on risk<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not all summer annuals handle stress the same.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pearl millet<\/strong>&nbsp;offers good drought tolerance and avoids prussic acid risk (though nitrates are still possible).&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sorghum and sorghum-sudan<\/strong>&nbsp;can be high-yielding but require careful management due to prussic acid and nitrate concerns.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Crabgrass<\/strong>&nbsp;performs well but needs consistent moisture&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Final thoughts<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Summer annuals&nbsp;aren\u2019t&nbsp;a silver bullet\u2014but they can help bridge the forage gap after a dry spring.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This&nbsp;isn\u2019t&nbsp;an exhaustive list\u2014just a starting point.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If&nbsp;you\u2019re&nbsp;trying to decide what fits your operation, reach out or check out our other forage resources.&nbsp;We\u2019re&nbsp;happy to help you think through your options.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-clemson-forages-team wp-block-embed-clemson-forages-team\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Es1p413Jqh\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/forageslab\/planning-warm-season-planting\/\">Planning warm-season forages planting<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Planning warm-season forages planting&#8221; &#8212; Clemson Forages Team\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/forageslab\/planning-warm-season-planting\/embed\/#?secret=nMevwxHikE#?secret=Es1p413Jqh\" data-secret=\"Es1p413Jqh\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-livestock-and-forages wp-block-embed-livestock-and-forages\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"r398dJqGZU\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/livestock\/__trashed\/\">Summer annual forages options for South Carolina<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Summer annual forages options for South Carolina&#8221; &#8212; Livestock and Forages\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/livestock\/__trashed\/embed\/#?secret=HBykZt6Fvu#?secret=r398dJqGZU\" data-secret=\"r398dJqGZU\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-clemson-forages-team wp-block-embed-clemson-forages-team\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"LNy87xq7lV\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/forageslab\/summer-annuals-enhance-southeastern-pastures\/\">Summer annuals enhance Southeastern pastures<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Summer annuals enhance Southeastern pastures&#8221; &#8212; Clemson Forages Team\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/forageslab\/summer-annuals-enhance-southeastern-pastures\/embed\/#?secret=cKsF6Ai2by#?secret=LNy87xq7lV\" data-secret=\"LNy87xq7lV\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CHRISTOPHER LeMASTER JR, Clemson Extension Livestock &amp; Forages Agent&nbsp; After a dry spring, many producers are asking the same question:&nbsp;how do we make up lost forage?&nbsp; For a lot of operations this year, the answer is summer annuals.&nbsp; Why&nbsp;summer&nbsp;annuals?&nbsp; Summer annuals are fast-growing, high-quality forages that can help fill gaps when perennial systems fall short. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4130,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92296,52346,92114,92459],"tags":[],"coauthors":[93466],"class_list":["post-2097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cherokee","category-livestock-forages","category-spartanburg","category-union"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2097","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4130"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2097"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2097\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2097"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2097"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2097"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.clemson.edu\/upstate\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2097"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}]