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NemaTuesday

Episode 8

Written by – Joseph Roberts and Joseph Doherty

We have been seeing more samples with high numbers of Lance nematodes (Hoplolaimus sp.) in recent weeks. Numbers as low as 50 per 100 cc of soil can be enough to cause problems on bermudagrass. Infestations can become severe. We have seen some samples with populations well into the 100s and in rare cases over 1000.

There are nematicides labeled for Lance nematodes in turf, but control can be challenging due to their migratory endoparasitic lifestyle. Outside of chemical control, proper fertility and practices to reduce stress and enhance rooting will ultimately help with symptoms. 

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NemaTuesday

Episode 7

Written by – Joseph Roberts and Joseph Doherty

Many weeds are often associated with thin or declining turfgrass stands. Interestingly, spurge is commonly observed in association with areas thinned by nematode activity. In the picture below you can see some spurge growing in the areas of thinned bermudagrass. Nematode sampling revealed Sting and Lance nematode populations both above threshold levels for SC.

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NemaTuesday

Episode 6

Written by – Joseph Roberts and Joseph Doherty

Nematode head and stylet shape are two common characteristics used in identifying nematodes. Lance (Hoplolaimus) and spiral (Helicotylenchus) nematodes are known to attack many turfgrasses at varying intensities. Both have stylets with basal knobs, but they can be differentiated by their head shapes. 

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NemaTuesday

Episode 5

Written by – Joseph Roberts and Joseph Doherty

For this week’s NemaTuesday we will be shifting from sting nematodes to root-knot nematodes. A bermudagrass sample that came through our lab presented a perfect opportunity to show off root-knot nematode galls. 

The white mass on the side of the root in the picture below is a female root-knot nematode. This is a good sign to look for on roots that are suspect for nematode damage. However, it is important to note that root-knot nematodes can be present in high populations without visible galling on the roots. 

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NemaTuesday

Episode 4

Written by – Joseph Roberts and Joseph Doherty

Last week we showed sting nematode feeding damage that became apparent on our A-1 creeping bentgrass putting green at the Pee Dee REC. This week let’s take a look at why the brief stretch of hot weather caused the sting nematode damage to manifest. 

Sting nematodes can cause significant losses of root biomass. Notice in the picture below how the roots on the left are significantly shallower, thinner, and less dense than the roots of the bentgrass growing in soil where no sting nematodes were detected. 

No wonder it doesn’t take much additional stress to cause symptoms to appear.

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NemaTuesday

Episode 3

written by – Joseph Roberts and Joseph Doherty

If you have been wondering why we started the NemaTuesday series, look no further than what happened on our A-1 creeping bentgrass putting green here at Pee Dee REC. Infestations of sting nematodes became extremely apparent after just 3 days of temperatures in the daily highs peaking in the mid-90s. 

Nematodes feed on and compromise turfgrass root systems. The compromised root systems make turfgrasses extremely susceptible to environmental stress. It is crucial to submit soil samples for nematode counting if you suspect some areas are infested with nematodes. Getting an understanding of nematode species and population sizes are crucial to planning and deploying an effective nematode management strategy.

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