Click the blue link for downloadable (PDF) copies of our papers and posters. Please email me for reprints not linked below.
Books
Papers & Book Chapters
- Pak, R., McLaughlin, A. C., & Engle, R. (2024). The relevance of attention control, not working memory, in human factors. Human factors, 66(5), 1321-1332. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208231159727
- Schelble, B. G., Lopez, J., Textor, C., Zhang, R., McNeese, N. J., Pak, R., & Freeman, G. (2024). Towards ethical AI: Empirically investigating dimensions of AI ethics, trust repair, and performance in human-AI teaming. Human Factors, 66(4), 1037-1055.
- Pak, R., & Rovira, E. (2023). A Theoretical Model to Explain Mixed Effects of Trust Repair Strategies in Human-Machine Interaction. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science. https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2023.2250424
- Burgoyne, A. P., Tsukahara, J. S., Mashburn, C. A., Pak, R., & Engle, R. W. (2023). Nature and measurement of attention control. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General.
- Lopez, J., *Textor, C., *Lancaster, C., *Schelble, B., Freeman, G., Zhang, R., McNeese, N., & Pak, R. (2023). The complex relationship of AI ethics and trust in human–AI teaming: insights from advanced real-world subject matter experts. AI and Ethics, 1-21.
- Lopez, J., Watkins, H., & Pak, R. (2022). Enhancing Component-Specific Trust with Consumer Automated Systems through Humanness Design. Ergonomics, 1-31.
- Textor, C., Zhang, R., Lopez, J., Schelble, B. G., McNeese, N. J., Freeman, G., Pak, R., Tossell, C., de Visser, E. J. (2022). Exploring the Relationship Between Ethics and Trust in Human-AI Teaming: A mixed methods approach. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making.
- Schelble, B. G., Flathmann, C., McNeese, N. J., O’Neill, T., Pak, R., & Namara, M. (2022). Investigating the Effects of Perceived Teammate Artificiality on Human Performance and Cognition. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2085191
- Draheim, C., Pak, R., Draheim, A. A., & Engle, R. W. (2022). The role of attention control in complex real-world tasks. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-02052-2
- Foroughi, C. K., Devlin, S., Pak, R., Brown, N. L., Sibley, C., & Coyne, J. T. (2021). Near-Perfect Automation: Investigating Performance, Trust, and Visual Attention Allocation. Human Factors, 187208211032889. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208211032889
- De Visser, E. J., Peeters, M. M., Jung, M. F., Kohn, S., Shaw, T. H., Pak, R., & Neerincx, M. A. (2020). Towards a theory of longitudinal trust calibration in human–robot teams. International journal of social robotics, 12(2), 459-478.
- Pak, R., Crumley-Branyon, J. J., de Visser, E. J., & Rovira, E. (2020). Factors that affect younger and older adults’ causal attributions of robot behaviour.Ergonomics, 63(4), 421-439.
- Foroughi, C. K., Sibley, C., Brown, N. L., Rovira, E., Pak, R., & Coyne, J. T. (2019). Detecting automation failures in a simulated supervisory control environment. Ergonomics, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2019.1629639
- Rovira, E., McLaughlin, A. C., Pak, R., & High, L. (2019). Looking for Age Differences in Self-Driving Vehicles: Examining the Effects of Automation Reliability, Driving Risk, and Physical Impairment on Trust. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 800. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00800
- de Visser, E. J., Pak, R., & Shaw, T. H. (2018). From “automation” to “autonomy”: The importance of trust repair in human-machine interaction. Ergonomics, 1-33.
- Pak, R., Rovira, E., McLaughlin, A. C., & Leidheiser, W. (2017). Evaluating Attitudes and Experience With Emerging Technology in Cadets and Civilian Undergraduates. Military Psychology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/mil0000175
- Rovira, E., Pak, R., McLaughlin, A. (2016). Effects of individual differences in working memory on performance and trust with various degrees of automation. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science. doi:10.1080/1463922X.2016.1252806
- Pak, R., McLaughlin, A. C., Leidheiser, W., & Rovira, E. (2016). The effect of individual differences in working memory in older adults on performance with different degrees of automated technology. Ergonomics. doi:10.1080/00140139.2016.1189599
- Pak, R., Rovira, E., McLaughlin, A. C., & Baldwin, N. (2016). Does the Domain of Technology Impact User Trust? Investigating trust in automation across different consumer-oriented domains in young adults, military, and older adults. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science. doi:10.1080/1463922X.2016.1175523.
- Price, M. M., Crumley-Branyon, J., Leidheiser, W., & Pak, R. (2016). Effects of information visualization on older adults’ decision-making performance in a medicare plan selection task: a comparative usability study. JMIR Human Factors. doi:10.2196/humanfactors.5106
- Walker, I. D., Mears, L., Mizanoor, R. S. M., Pak, R., Remy, S., & Wang, Y. (2015). Robot-Human Handovers Based on Trust. In proceedings of the 2015 Second International Conference on Mathematics and Computers in Sciences and in Industry. http://doi.org/10.1109/MCSI.2015.50
- McLaughlin, A. C., Feng, J., & Pak, R. (2015). Life-long learning. In W. S. Bainbridge & Roco, M. C. (Eds.), The Handbook of Science and Technology Convergence (pp. 1-12). Springer International Publishing. DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-04033-2_59-1
- Zimmer, C., Craig, K., Tams, S., Thatcher, J. B., Pak, R. (2015). The Role of Age in Task Performance: Examining Curvilinear and Interaction Effects of User Age, Expertise, and Interface Design on Mistake-making. Journal of Business Economics.
- Tams, S., Thatcher, J., Grover, V., Pak, R. (2015). Selective attention as a protagonist in contemporary workplace stress: Implications for the interruption age. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping.
- Drachova, S., Halstrom, J., Krone, J., Pak, R., Sitarman, M. (2015). Teaching mathematical reasoning principles for software correctness and its assessment. ACM Transactions on Computing Education.
- Pak, R., McLaughlin. A. C., & Bass, B. (2014). A Multi-level Analysis of the Effects of Age and Gender Stereotypes on Trust in Anthropomorphic Technology by Younger and Older Adults. Ergonomics, 57(9). http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2014.928750
- Price, M.M., Pak, R., Müller, H., & Stronge, A. (2013). Older adult’s perceptions of usefulness of personal health records. Universal Access in the Information Society, 12(2), 191-204.
- Pak, R., Fink, N., Price, M., Bass, B., & Sturre, L. (2012). Decision support aids with anthropomorphic characteristics influence trust and performance in younger and older adults. Ergonomics, 55(9), 1059-1072.
- Sack, O., Pak, R., & Ziefle, M. (2011). Older Adults’ Perception of Costs and Benefits of Web-Based and Mobile PHR Technologies: A Focus Group Approach. Information Quality in e-Health., 7058, 707-710.
- Featherman, M., Wright, R. T., Thatcher, J., Zimmer, J. C., and Pak, R. (2011). The Influence of Interactivity on E-service Offerings: An Empirical Examination of Benefits and Risks. AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction (3) 1, pp. 1-25.
- Pak, R., Fink, N., Price, M., & Battisto. (2011). Two case studies in human factors and healthcare. In M. Ziefle & C. Rocker (Eds.), Human Centered Design of E-Health Technologies (272-295). Hershey: IGI Global.
- Fink, N., Pak, R., & Battisto, D. (2010). Developing a usability evaluation tool to assess the patient room bathroom. Health Environments Research and Design Journal., 3(3), 22-41.
- Battisto, D. B., Pak, R., Vander Wood, M. A., & Pilcher, J. J. (2009). Using a task analysis to describe nursing work in acute care patient environments. Journal of Nursing Administration, 39(12), 537-547.
- Pak, R., Price, M. M., & Thatcher, J. (2009). Age-sensitive design of online health information. Journal of Medical Internet Research.
- Hickman, J. M., Caine, K. E., Pak. R., Stronge, A. J., Rogers, W. A., & Fisk, A. D. (2009). What factors lead to healthcare miscommunications with older patients? Journal of Communication in Healthcare, 2(2), 103-118.
- Pak, R., Czaja, S. J., Sharit, J., Rogers, W. A., & Fisk, A. D. (2008). The role of spatial abilities and age in performance in an auditory computer navigation task. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 3045-3051.
- Pak, R.,& Price, M. M. (2008). Designing an information search interface for younger and older adults. Human Factors, 50, 614-628.
- Hickman, J.M, Caine, K., Stronge, A. J., Pak, R., (2008). Steps to effective communication with your health care provider. Signpost: Journal of Dementia and Mental Health Care for Older People, 13 (2), 18-20.
- Pak, R., Pautz, S., & Iden, R. (2007). Information organization and retrieval: An assessment of taxonomical and tagging systems. Cognitive Technology, 12(1), 31-44.
- Rogers, W. A., Pak, R., Fisk, A. D. (2007)._Applied cognitive psychology in the context of everyday living. _In F. T. Durso, R. S. Nickerson, S. T. Dumais, S. Lewandowsky, & T. Perfect (Eds.), Handbook of applied cognition (2nd ed.).Chichester: Wiley.
- Pak, R., Rogers, W. A., Fisk, A. F. (2006). Spatial ability sub-factors and their influences on a computer-based information search task. Human Factors, 48, 154-165.
- Rogers, W. A., Fisk, A. D., McLaughlin, A. C., & Pak, R. (2005). Touch a screen or turn a knob: Choosing the best device for the job. Human Factors, 47, 271-288.
- Rogers, W. A., Campbell, R. H., & Pak, R. (2001). A systems approach for training older adults to use technology. In N. Charness, D. C. Park, and B. A. Sabel (Eds.), Communication, technology, and aging: Opportunities and challenges for the future (pp. 187-208). New York: Springer.
- Blanchard-Fields, F., Hertzog, C., Stein, R., and Pak, R. (2001). Beyond stereotyped predictors of traditional family values. Psychology and Aging, 16(3), 483-496.
- Rogers, W. A., Stronge, A. J]., & Pak, R. (2001). Enabling older adults to successfully use the World Wide Web. International Journal of Experimental, Clinical, and Behavioural Gerontology, 47, 216.
- Salthouse, T. A., Toth, J. P., Daniels, K., Parks, C., Pak, R., Wolbrette, M., and Hocking, K. J. (2000). Effects of aging on efficiency of task switching in a variant of the trail making test. Neuropsychology, 14(1), 102-111.
Conference Proceedings, Posters & Presentations
2018
- Kohn, S. C., Quinn, D., Pak, R., de Visser, E. J., & Shaw, T. H. (2018). Trust Repair Strategies with Self-Driving Vehicles: An Exploratory Study. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society… Annual Meeting Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Meeting, 62(1), 1108–1112. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621254
- Lopez, J., & Pak, R. (2018). Trust Strategies in Consumer Multiple-Component Systems. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Meeting, 62(1), 1756–1760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621397
2017
- Quinn, D. B., Pak, R., & de Visser, E. J. (2017). Testing the Efficacy of Human-Human Trust Repair Strategies with Machines. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society… Annual Meeting Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Meeting, 61(1), 1794–1798. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601930
- Visser, E. J. de, de Visser, E. J., Pak, R., & Neerincx, M. A. (2017). Trust Development and Repair in Human-Robot Teams. Proceedings of the Companion of the 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction – HRI ’17. https://doi.org/10.1145/3029798.3038409
2015
- Branyon, J., & Pak, R. (2015). Investigating Older Adults’ Trust, Causal Attributions, and Perception of Capabilities in Robots as a Function of Robot Appearance, Task, and Reliability. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 59(1), 1550–1554. http://doi.org/10.1177/1541931215591335
- Leidheiser, W., Branyon, J., Baldwin, N., Pak, R., & McLaughlin, A. C. (2015). Lessons learned in adapting a lab-based measure of working memory capacity for the web. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 59(1), 756–760. http://doi.org/10.1177/1541931215591235
- Baldwin, N., Branyon, J., Sethumadhavan, A., & Pak, R. (2015). In Search of Virtual Social Facilitation Effects. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 59(1), 90–94. http://doi.org/10.1177/1541931215591019
- Baldwin, N., Quinn, D., Pak, R. (2015). Understanding the contours of trust in automation in older adults: the effects of technology domain, reliability, and level of automation. Presented at the American Psychological Association 123rd Annual Meeting. Toronto, ON: American Psychological Association
- Branyon, J. J., & Pak, R. (2015). Investigating older adults’ trust, attributions, and capability perceptions of robots. _Presented at the American Psychological Association 123rd Annual Meeting. _Toronto, ON: American Psychological Association
2014
- Leidheiser, W., & Pak, R. (2014). The Effects of Age and Working Memory Demands on Automation-Induced Complacency. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 58(1), 1919–1923. doi:10.1177/1541931214581401
- Fink, N., Cartee, N., & Pak, R. (2014). Using Focus Groups to Examine Prospective Memory Strategies in the Medication Management of Older Adults. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 58(1), 165–169. doi:10.1177/1541931214581035
2013
- Bass, B. M., Goodwin, M., Brennan, K., Pak, R., & McLaughlin, A. C. (2013). Effects of age and gender stereotypes on trust in an anthropomorphic decision aid. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 57(1), 1575-1579.
- Cartee, N., Fink, N., & Pak, R. (2013). The effects of reminder type and anticipatory interval on prospective memory. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 57(1), 1750-1754.
2012
- Bass, B. M., & Pak, R. (2012). Faces as Ambient Displays: Assessing the attention-demanding characteristics of facial expressions. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 56(1), 2142–2146.
- Fink, N., Goodwin, M., Jewell, N., Kohn, S., & Pak, R. (2012). Examining the Picture Superiority Effect in Prospective Memory, Including the Factors of Age and Attention Load. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 56(1), 2157–2161.
- Fink, N., Goodwin, M., Kohn, S., Wideman, R., Price, M. M., & Pak, R. (2012). How is Prospective Memory Used to Complete Instrumental Activities of Daily Living? Examining the Topic Through Focus Groups with Older Adults: Pilot Results. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 56(1), 2137–2141.
- Kohn, S. C., Fink, N. P., Pak, R., & McLaughlin, A. C. (2012). Examining the Effects of Cue Valence and Attention Load on Prospective Memory. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 56(1), 2152–2156.
2011
- Mendel, J., Pak, R., & Drum, J. E. (2011). Designing for Consistency. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 55(1), 2000–2004.
- Bass, B., Fink, N., Price, M., Sturre, L., Hentschel, E., & Pak, R. (2011). How does anthropomorphism affect user’s trust, compliance, and performance on a decision making automation task? Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 55th Annual Meeting. Las Vegas, NV: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
2010
- Price, M. M. & Pak, R. (2010). Information visualizations as complex decision support systems. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 54, 1966-1970.
- Mendel, J., Mayhorn, C. B., Hardee, J. B., West, R. T., Pak, R. (2010). The effect of warning design and personalization on user compliance in computer security dialogs. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 54th Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Fink, N., Pak, R., Bass, B., Johnston, M., & Battisto, D. (2010). A survey of nurses’ self-reported prospective memory tasks: what must they remember and what do they forget? Poster presented at the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 54th Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Price, M., & Pak, R. (2010). Exploring younger and older adult health information strategies. Poster presented at the 2010 Cognitive Aging Conference, Atlanta, GA.
- Price, M., Breedlove, J., Pak, R., Mueller, H., & Stronge, A. (2009). Examining Non-Critical Health Information Seeking: A needs analysis for Personal Health Records. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 53rd Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
2009
- Fink, N. & Pak, R. (2009). Prospective memory in the nursing environment: Effects of type of prospective task and prospective load. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 53rd Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Mendel, J., & Pak, R. (2009). The effect of interface consistency and cognitive load on user performance in an information search task. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 53rd Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Fink, N., Pak, R., & Battisto, D. (2009). Developing a usability evaluation tool to assess the patient room bathroom. Proceedings of Research Day: Innovation in Design and Management of Healthcare Facilities and Healthy Environments. Rotterdam, Netherlands.
- Pak, R., Fink, N., Battisto, D., Allison, D. (2009). Assessing nursing workload in a redesigned patient headwall for acute care environments. Proceedings of Research Day: Innovation in Design and Management of Healthcare Facilities and Healthy Environments. Rotterdam, Netherlands.
2007
- Pautz, S., Price, M. & Pak, R. (2007). Accommodating age-related differences in a computer-based information search task. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 51st Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
2006
- Pak, R., Rogers, W. A., & Fisk, A. D. (2006). Aging and visual attention: The effect of perceptual load on dual-task performance. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 50th Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. *Winner of the HFES Aging Technical Group Arnold Small Award.
- Iden, R. Mook, A. C., & Pak, R. (2006). Usability evaluation of two information-organization methods: Tagging and taxonomy. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 50th Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Hickman, J. M., Caine, K. E., Stronge, A. J., Pak. R., Rogers, W. A., & Fisk, A. D. (2006). Doctor-patient communication: Guidelines for improvement. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 50th Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
2000-2004
- Pak, R., Peters, R. E., Rogers, W. A., Abowd, G. D., & Fisk, A. D. (2004). An analysis of why people lose objects, how they find them, and their attitudes about a technology aid. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 48th Annual Meeting (pp. 262-265). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Pak, R., Sharit, J., Czaja, S. J., & Rogers, W. A. (2003). The influence of spatial abilities and age in using telephone menu systems. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 47th Annual Meeting (pp. 1796-1800). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Pak, R., McLaughlin, A. C., Lin, C. C., Rogers, W. A. & Fisk, A. D. (2002). An age-related comparison of a touch screen and a novel input device. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45th Annual Meeting (pp. 189-192). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. *Winner of the HFES Aging Technical Group Arnold Small Award.
- Pak, R. (September, 2001). A further investigation of spatial abilities and computer-based task performance in younger and older adults. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 44th Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Pak, R., Rogers, W. A., & Stronge, A. J. (2000). How would you describe the World Wide Web? Analogies of the web from users. Proceedings of the IEA2000/HFES 2000 Congress (Vol. 3, p.172). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.