EARTHLY

Recipe for disaster. What makes a hurricane?

According to recent reports, South Carolina is home to seven of the top twenty most hurricane-vulnerable counties. In order of vulnerability, they include Charleston, Horry, Beaufort, Berkeley and Dorchester counties, with Charleston and Horry counties ranking third and fourth nationally, respectively.

There are many factors that go into hurricane frequency and strength. They include ocean temperature, atmospheric temperature, air moisture, and wind speed and direction. Other factors are the El Nino Southern Oscillation, known as ENSO, and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, known as AMO.

Today on Earthly, Jonathan interviews Prakash Khedun. Khedun is a Clemson University climate resilience specialist.

He is going to prime us for hurricane season by helping us better understand some of the weather elements that influence the frequency and power of these storms.

 

TRANSCRIPT

Show Notes

ENSO Resources
AMO Explaination
SC Water Resources Center

Ever and ever, forever and ever chemicals

The Environmental Protection Agency recently announced new drinking water limits on a category of chemicals called polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS.

These chemicals are found in thousands of products that we use every day, such as plastics, Teflon, water proofing, fire retardant and others.

But they are also known as “forever chemicals” because they accumulate rather than breakdown in the environment and human body, and can cause health problems such as cancer, liver damage, low birth weight and birth defects.

A recent report by USA Today showed that 608 water systems across the country have detected PFAS, including some in South Carolina. Another report in the Charleston Post & Courier said freshwater fishermen are being warned to reduce their fish consumption because of PFAS.

In this episode of Earthly, Jonathan talks with Clemson environmental engineering associate professor Ezra Cates about PFAS and their impacts. Cates will also tell us about some innovative techniques and technologies his lab is developing to treat drinking water tainted with PFAS.

TRANSCRIPT

The Cates Lab
Hundreds of water systems exceed PFAS limits
New advances at Clemson University could help degrade chemicals in water
Clemson researchers: forever chemicals could be making you fat

S-1, E-12: Plant breeding just might save the world

The world’s population has quadrupled in the last century and is expected to surpass 8 billion by 2050. This means that in the next 25 years or so, the world will need to produce about 60% more food to feed its estimated population.

Furthermore, we’ll need to produce that food sustainably in unseasonable temperatures, drought and flood conditions, all while fighting disease and pests, and on less land.

Jonathan talks to Clemson plant geneticist Rick Boyles on this episode of Earthly.

Boyles is one of many researchers worldwide tackling the challenge of feeding a growing global population through plant breeding.

Boyles is going to give some background in plant breeding, talk about advances modern technology have brought to the plant breeding process, and hopefully leave us with room for optimism.

EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

SHOW NOTES

Clemson receives FFAR grant to promote sorghum health benefits
Clemson reseacher developing new line of wheat to withstand Southeast growing conditions
Clemson rejoins forces with collaborative group to kick-start small grains program
Clemson researcher studying sorghum’s resistance to fall armyworm

S-1; E-11 Capturing climate change through art

Humans have forever turned to nature for artistic inspiration. The earliest cave paintings are at least 64,000 years old and depict images of wild animals, landscapes, and even the heavens. More recently, photographer Ansel Adams, poet Wendell Berry, sculptor Andy Goldsworthy, and movie director Werner Herzog have all produced great art by musing on the material world.

Jonathan’s guest on Earthly, continues in that tradition. Todd Anderson collaborates with scientists and travels to some of the world’s most remote environments to see what they see only with the eye of an artist. Then Anderson creates prints using woodcuts to capture moments in time as landscapes are altered by rising temperatures.

Anderson is going to tell us about his process, inspiration, and what he hopes his art says about the natural world.

EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

SHOW NOTES

Journey to the Ice
Thin Ice
Todd Anderson’s Work

S-1, E-6: Researcher flies the skies collecting airborne genetic material

Kimberly Metris in hat and sunglases beside airplane fusselage.Kimberly Metris is not just an academic but also a licensed commercial pilot. One day while piloting skydivers to their jump altitude, Metris could see the Saharan dust plume over Upstate South Carolina and had a research epiphany to see what genetic matter was flying around in the sky.  In this episode of Earthly, I talk to Metris about that epiphany, her work monitoring the skies for genetic matter, how she designed and constructed her own instrumentation, and what she found. She’ll also talk about next steps for her research.

 

 

 

EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

Piloting skydivers leads Clemson geneticist to develop system to reveal DNA in the sky

Probing biodiversity in the sky

S-1, E-4: Why are radon rates higher in South Carolina Upstate homes?

Headshot of Nicole Martinez
Nicole Martinez
Headshot of Lindsay Shuller-Nickles
Lindsay Shuller-Nickles

The South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control has produced a map showing that radon levels in upstate South Carolina homes are higher than other parts of the state. Today on Earthly, I talk with doctors Nicole Martinez and Lindsey Shuller-Nichols. Martinez is an expert in radiological health sciences, and Shuller-Nichols is a material scientist both in Clemson’s Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences. They’re going to help us understand what causes radon, why it’s higher in the upstate, its potential health effects and resources for testing and mitigation.


EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

Additional Resources

SC DHEC Radon Map

SC DHEC Average Radon by County

SC DHEC Request a test

EPA Radon Information

EPA Citizen’s Guide to Radon

S-1, E-3: South Carolina earthquakes explained

There has been a flurry of geological activity in South Carolina lately, particularly around the Midlands and Upstate. In fact, the most recent was a Headshot of Brady Flinchum 1.6 magnitude earthquake recorded April 4 near the town of Cross Anchor in Spartanburg County.

In this episode of Earthly, Jonathan talks to Clemson assistant professor Brady Flinchum about South Carolina earthquakes and if all the little quakes we’ve been having mean there’s a big one headed our way. Flinchum compares earthquake magnitude to pasta noodles, explains what earthquakes can tell us about the structure of the earth, and even talks about what Marsquakes can teach us about Mars. He also tells us what to do if an earthquake strikes.

*Editor’s note: at 10:06 0f our discussion, Flinchum meant to say that the big earthquake in Turkey was equivalent to 729 million pasta noodles. That’s a lot of noodles! Also, Flinchum’s views are his own and do not reflect those of the USGS.


EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

Additional Resources

USGS latest earthquakes

What is the Cascadia Subduction Zone?

How does a seismograph work?