Clemson Extension Forestry and Wildlife

Basal Area: What It Means and How to Measure It

If you have had interactions with a forester before or read forestry-related articles, you probably have heard the term basal area mentioned at some point. For some reason, basal area has always seemed to be this mystical term that folks struggle with understanding what it is and why it’s important. In this article, we will […]

Forestry Herbicide Series- Herbicide Basics

a woman using a backpack sprayer to apply a foliar herbicide.

Herbicides are an invaluable tool in forest management for controlling undesirable vegetation. To use them safely and effectively, one must understand a few basic principles. This article is the first in a series of articles on herbicides for forestry applications. To start, we will look at the basic principles one must understand to utilize herbicides. […]

The Story of the Longleaf Ecosystem

tall longleaf pine trees in rows with understory grasses.

The Longleaf PineAmong the Southern pines, longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) has several key characteristics that have allowed it to grow on some of the harshest sites in the southeastern United States. One is its fire tolerance. Fire is a critical component of the longleaf pine ecosystem, and longleaf evolved with understory species, like the bunchgrasses, […]

English Ivy Control — Basal Bark Treatment Research & Existing Recommendations

trees with a lot of vines growing on them

Aerial form of English ivy vines within a closed canopy, mixed pine/hardwood stand on the Clemson Experimental Forest. Photo credit: Stephen Peairs, Clemson University. In numerous urban forest settings and isolated patches of rural forestland, English ivy (Hedera helix) persists as either groundcover or aerial vines (different life stages) attached and extending up into the canopy […]

The Safety Features of a Modern Chainsaw

Chainsaw with arrows and labels pointing to the safety features.

Now that the outside temperatures are cooling down, it is a great time to start working on cutting some firewood for next year or cleaning up some of those trees that the summer storms knocked over. Many of you have probably used chainsaws for years or decades and are well-versed in the use of them. […]

Grand Natural Treasure

green tree growing in rocky soil

The common theme for most of my written works have involved some aspect of forestry associated with the southeastern wood “basket”. I was inspired on my recent family vacation to visit several National parks (Grand Canyon, Petrified Forest, Arches, Canyonland, Bryce Canyon, Coastal Reef, and Zion) across northern Arizona and southern Utah. In my opinion, […]

How Your Forests Protect South Carolina Water

trees growing in a swamp

South Carolina is a diverse state, and the well-known slogan “from the mountains to the sea” reflects how varied the landscape is across the state’s 20 million acres. One feature that is common across all these landscapes is water. South Carolina has 36 rivers totaling almost 30,000 miles of waterways that can be found in […]

Understanding Your Soil Test Report

Bag of All Purpose Fertilizer 10-10-10

In Extension, we often get calls about why someone’s food plot is not growing as expected. While there can be a host of reasons why this is the case, the first thing one should examine is the soil pH and soil fertility. If the soil pH is not at the correct level, nutrients can be bound […]

Tractors and Implements for Forest Landowners – Part 4 Vegetative Management

Image of a rotary cutter. Photo credit: Stephen Pohlman, Clemson University.

Our series’ first, second, and third articles covered tractor selection, ground contact implements, and property maintenance (see links at the bottom of the article). The fourth part will cover two primary vegetative management implements that the forest landowner should consider adding to their arsenal. The first implement for consideration is a rotary cutter, commonly referred […]

Pine Stand Thinning

Three-year-old planted lobolly pine exhibiting apical dominance.

Forest management practices are recommended for various reasons to meet landowner management objectives, including generating income, improving habitat for wildlife species, and, most importantly, maintaining a healthy, productive forest.  Properly timed thinnings in natural and planted pine stands will provide all these benefits. Thinnings are “intermediate cuttings that are aimed primarily at controlling the growth […]